Estimation of the Permeability Variation in Saturated Sand Deposits Subjected to Shaking Load Using 1-g Stinking Table Test

The purpose of this study is to understand the dissipation pattern of excess pore pressure after liquefaction and to estimate the variation in permeability during shaking load, which should be known for settlement predictions of the ground undergoing liquefaction. In this study, 1-g shaking table tests were carried out for 5 different kinds of sands, all of which had high liquefaction potentials. During the tests excess pore pressure at various depths, and surface settlements were measured. The measured dissipation curve of the excess pore pressure after liquefaction was linearly simulated using the solidification theory, and from the analysis of the slopes of linearly simulated curves, the correlation between dissipation velocity and the gradation characteristics was obtained. By substituting this correlation and the measured settlement to the dissipation velocity equation recommended in solidification theory, the permeability during dissipation was calculated, which was used for estimating the permeability variation during shaking load. The dissipation velocity of excess pore pressure after liquefaction had a linear correlation with the effective grain size divided by the coefficient of uniformity. The permeability during dissipation and liquefaction increased by 1.1∼2.8 times and 1.4∼5 times compared to the initial permeability of the original ground, respectively. And the amount of increase became greater as the effective grain size of the test sand increased and the coefficient of uniformity decreased.

1-g 진동대시험을 이용한 진동하중을 받는 포화된 모래지반의 투수계수 변화 추정

액상화후 과잉간극수압 소산양상을 파악하고 액상화를 겪는 지반의 침하량을 예측하는데 필요한 진동하중이 작용하는 동안의 포화된 모래지반의 투수계수 변화를 추정하기 위하여, 액상화 가능성이 큰 5종류의 모래에 대해 1-g 진동대시험을 수행하였다. 시험과정중에 깊이별 과잉간극수압과 지표면 침하량을 계측하였다. 액상화후 계측된 과잉간극수압 소산곡선을 침강이론으로 선형모사하였고 선형모사된 소산곡선의 기울기를 분석함으로써 소산속도와 입도특성치와의 상관관계를 얻었다. 이러한 상관관계와 계측된 침하량을 침강이론에서 제안한 소산속도식에 대입하여 소산과정중 투수계수를 역산하였고 산정된 소산과정중 투수계수를 이용하여 진동하중이 작용하는 동안의 투수계수 변화를 추정하였다. 액상화후 과잉간극수압의 소산속도는 유효입경을 균등계수로 나눈 값에 선형적 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 상관관계를 이용하여 구한 소산과정과 액상화동안의 투수계수는 원지반의 초기투수계수에 비해 각각 1.1∼2.8배, 1.4∼5배 증가하였다 그리고 이러한 증가 정도는 시험모래의 유효입경이 클수록 균등계수가 작을수록 더 커짐을 알 수 있었다.