Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7850/jkso.2012.17.3.139

Distribution of Salinity and Temperature due to the Freshwater Discharge in the Yeongsan Estuary in the Summer of 201  

Park, Hyo-Bong (Department of Oceanography, Inha University)
Kang, Kiryong (Global Environment System Research Lab., National Inst. of Meteorological Research)
Lee, Guan-Hong (Department of Oceanography, Inha University)
Shin, Hyun-Jung (Department of Oceanography, Inha University)
Publication Information
The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY / v.17, no.3, 2012 , pp. 139-148 More about this Journal
Abstract
The short-term variation of salinity and temperature in a dyked estuarine environment is mainly controlled by the freshwater discharge from the dyke. We examined the distribution of salinity and temperature by the freshwater discharge in the Yeongsan River estuary using the CTD data obtained from 8 stations through three surveys in June (weak discharge) and August (intensive discharge), 2010. During the weak discharge in June, the surface salinity showed 30-32.5 psu and its horizontal gradient was relatively high around Goha-do (0.25~0.32 psu/km). On the other hand, the salinity of the bottom layer was almost constant in the range of 33 psu. Water temperature ranged $19{\sim}21^{\circ}C$ and displayed higher gradient in north-south direction than the gradient of east-west direction. During the intensive freshwater discharge on August 12, the salinity dropped to 9~26 psu. The maximum horizontal gradient of surface salinity reached 3.8 psu/km in the north of Goha-do where the strong salinity front was formed, and the horizontal salinity gradient of bottom layer was 0.28 psu/km. The horizontal gradient of water temperature was $-0.45^{\circ}C/km$ in the surface and $-0.12^{\circ}C/km$ in the bottom with high surface temperature near the dyke and decreasing gradually to the river mouth. After 3 days of the intensive discharge ($3^{rd}$ survey), the surface salinity increased to 22~26 psu. However, there still existed relatively high horizontal gradient around Goha-do. In the mean time, the bottom salinity decreased to 26.5~27.5 psu, but its gradient was not big as much as the surface gradient. According to time series of CTD profile near the dyke, the discharged fresh water jetted down temporarily and then recovered gradually with the recovering speed of 0.4 m/hour for the discharge case of $13{\times}10^6$ ton. Due to the combined effects of freshwater discharge and surface heating during the summer of 2010, the Yeongsan estuary, in general, underwent intensified vertical stratification, which in turn caused the inhibition of vertical mixing, especially inside area of estuary. Based on the spatial distribution of salinity and temperature, the Yeongsan estuary can be divided into three regions: the Goha-do area with strong horizontal gradient of salinity and temperature, inner estuary from Goha-do to the dyke with low salinity, and outer estuary from Goha-do to the coasts with relatively high salinity.
Keywords
Yeongsan estuary; estuarine dyke; salinity distribution; freshwater discharge; vertical stratification;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 국토해양부, 2009. 하구역 관리체계 구축 연구(II) -영산강 하구. TR-2009-ME-013, 619pp.
2 강주환, 김양선, 박선중, 소재귀, 2009. ESCORT 모형의 3차원 적용성-담수방류 모의. 한국해안해양환경공학회지, 21(3): 230−240.   과학기술학회마을
3 김도희, 유한홍, 2003. 집중 강우시 목포 주변해역의 수질 특성. 한국해양환경공학회지, 6(2): 28−37.   과학기술학회마을
4 류호상, 이관홍, 2011. 영산강 하구의 방류와 강우의 규모 및 빈도 상관성 분석. 한국해양학회지: 바다, 16(4): 223−237.   과학기술학회마을
5 박래환, 조양기, 조철, 선연종, 박경양, 2001. 2000년 여름 영산강 하구의 해수 특성과 순환. 한국해양학회지:바다, 6(4): 218−224.   과학기술학회마을
6 정태성, 김태식, 2008. 목포해역의 해수유동 및 담수확산 예측 시스템. 한국해양환경공학회지, 11(1): 13-23.
7 Byun, D.S., Wang, X.H., and Holloway, P.E., 2004. Tidal characteristic adjustment due to dyke and seawall construction in the Mokpo Coastal Zone, Korea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 56: 185-196.
8 Cho, Y.K., Park, L.H., Cho, C., Lee, I.T., Park, K.Y. and Oh, C.W., 2004. Multi-layer structure in the Youngsan Estuary, Korea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 61: 325-329.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Kang, J.W., 1999. Changes in Tidal characteristics as a Result of the Construction of Sea-dike/Sea-walls in the Mokpo Coastal Zone in Korea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 48: 429-438.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Dyer, K.R., 1997. Estuaries: A Physical Introduction. 2nd edition, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 195p.