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Diagnostic Utility of Pleural Fluid Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 Protein in Patients with Exudative Pleural Effusion  

Sim, Yun Su (Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine)
Lee, Jin Hwa (Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine)
Cheun, En Mi (Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine)
Chang, Jung Hyun (Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases / v.62, no.6, 2007 , pp. 499-505 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 protein (TREM-1) is a cell surface molecule expressed on neutrophils and monocytes, and it plays an important role in myeloid cell-activated inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic efficiency of soluble (s) TREM-1 in the patients who had pleural effusion from various causes. Methods: Forty-five patients with exudative pleural effusion were included in this study. The level of sTREM-1 was measured in both the serum and pleural fluids by immunoblot assay with using human-sTREM-1 antibody. Results: The pleural fluid sTREM-1 was significantly different in the three groups of exudative pleural effusion (p=0.011). Particularly, the patients with parapneumonic effusion were found to have significantly higher pleural fluid levels of sTREM-1 than patients with tuberculous (p<0.05) and malignant effusion, respectively (p<0.05). However, the serum sTREM-1 did not show a significant difference in the three groups. In order to evaluate the diagnostic utility of pleural fluid sTREM-1, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.818 (p=0.001). Using a cutoff value of 103.5 pg/mL for the pleural fluid sTREM-1, the sensitivity and specificity were 73% and 81%, respectively, for differentiating parapneumonic effusion from tuberculous or malignant effusions. Conclusion: Pleural fluid sTREM-1 can be an additional marker for making the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion.
Keywords
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 protein; Pleural effusion; Exudates;
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