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Detection of Pathogenic Viruses in the Atmosphere during Asian Dust Events in Incheon City  

Park, Jeong Woong (Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center)
Lim, Young Hee (Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center)
Kyung, Sun Young (Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center)
An, Chang Hyeok (Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center)
Lee, Sang Pyo (Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center)
Jeong, Seong Hwan (Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center)
Publication Information
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases / v.59, no.3, 2005 , pp. 279-285 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background : Ambient particles during Asian dust events are usually less than $10{\mu}m$ in size, and known to be associated with the adverse effects on the general population. There is little evidence linking Asian dust to adverse effects on the airways. In 2002, the authors found that particulate matter during Asian dust events had an effect on the symptoms and pulmonary function of patients with bronchial asthma. An aggravating factor might be that of a viral infection, but this remains unclear. Conversely, it has been speculated that African dust may carry the virus responsible for foot and mouth disease. Asian dust events are also likely to be responsible for transporting viruses, some of which are pathogenic, and common in many environments. Therefore, in this study, air samples were screened for the presence of viruses. Methods : Air samples were collected 20 times each during Asian dust events and under non-dust conditions, for at least 6 hours per sample, using a high volume air sampler (Sibata Model HV500F), with an airflow rate of 500L/min, between April and August 2003, and between April and August 2004. The samples were then screened for the presence of targeted viruses (Influenza A, B, Hog cholera virus, and Aphthovirus) using a polymerase chain reaction method. Results : One Asian dust event occurred between April and August 2003, and 3 between April and August 2004, with a 24 hour average PM10 level of $148.0{\mu}g/m^3$. The 24 hour average PM10 level was $57{\mu}g/m^3$. There was a significant difference in the PM10 concentration between dusty and clear days. No viruses (Influenza virus, Aphthovirus, and Hog cholera virus) were identified in the air samples obtained during the dusty days. Conclusions : Although no virus was detected in this study, further studies will be needed to identify suspected viruses carried during Asian dust events, employing more appropriate virus detection conditions.
Keywords
Asian dust; $PM_{10}$; virus;
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