Browse > Article

An Evaluation of the Use of Statistical Methods in the Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases  

Koh, Won-Jung (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
Lee, Seung-Joon (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University)
Kang, Min Jong (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Lee, Hun Jae (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University)
Publication Information
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases / v.57, no.2, 2004 , pp. 168-179 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background : The statistical analysis is an essential procedure ensuring that the results of researches are based on evidences rather than opinion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate which statistical techniques are used and whether these statistical methods are used appropriately or not in the journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. Materials and Methods : We reviewed 185 articles reported in the journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases in 1999. We evaluated the validity of used statistical methods based upon the checklist that was developed on the basis of the guideline for statistical reporting in articles for medical journals by International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Results : Among 185 articles, original articles and case reports were 110 (59.5%) and 61 (33.0%) respectively. In 112 articles excluding case reports and reviews, statistical techniques were used in 107 articles (95.5%). In 94 articles (83.9%) descriptive and inferential methods were used, while in 13 (11.6%) articles only descriptive methods were used. With the types of inferential statistical techniques, comparison of means was most commonly used (64/94, 68.1%), followed by contingency table (43/94, 45.7%) and correlation or regression (18/94, 19.1%). Among the articles in which descriptive methods were used, 83.2% (89/107) showed inappropriate central tendency and dispersion. In the articles in which inferential methods were used, improper methods were applied in 88.8% (79/89) and the most frequent misuse of statistical methods was inappropriate use of parametric methods (35/89, 39.3%). Only 14 articles (13.1%) were satisfactory in utilization of statistical methodology. Conclusion : Most of the statistical errors found in the journal were misuses of statistical methods related to basic statistics. This study suggests that researchers should be more careful when they describe and apply statistical methods and more extensive statistical refereeing system would be needed.
Keywords
Statistics; Periodicals; Medical Journalism; Pulmonary Disease; Korea;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Ahn YO, Yoo KY, Park BJ. Manual for medical statistics. Seoul: Seoul National University Press; 1990
2 Park IK, Kang JO, Kim TY, Keum DG. Statistical techniques used in 1981-1995 edition of Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology. Korean J Clin Pathol 1997;17:878-84
3 Lee SK, Kim JH, Hwang HY, Lee HK, Chung HS, Kim HS. The investigation of statistical descriptions in the original articles of Journal of the Korean Radiological Society. J Korean Radiol Soc 1997;37: 953-8
4 Korean Association of Medical Journal Editiors. Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. 1997
5 Emerson JD, Colditz GA. Use of statistical analysis in the New England Journal of Medicine. N Engl J Med 1983;309:709-13
6 Colditz GA, Emerson JD. The statistical content of published medical research: some implications for biomedical education. Med Educ 1985;19:248-55
7 Friedman SB, Phillips S. What's the difference? Pediatric residents and their inaccurate concepts regarding statistics. Pediatrics 1981;68:644-6
8 Berwick DM, Fineberg HV, Weinstein MC. When doctors meet numbers. Am J Med 1981;71:991-8
9 The Korean Academy of Family Medicine. Request for statistical consultation and analysis. J Korean Acad Fam Med 2001;22:114
10 Lee MS. Methodological and statistical consideration to the original articles published in the Journal (Volume 1, No. 2). Korean J Health Promot Dis Prev 2002;2:82-6
11 Park YG. Logistic regression analysis. J Korean Acad Fam Med 2001; 22:1007-20
12 Wulff HR, Andersen B, Brandenhoff P, Guttler F. What do doctors know about statistics? Stat Med 1987;6:3-10
13 Lee HK, Huh BY, Ahn YO. An assessment of methodological and statistical validity of medical articles published in Korea, from 1980 to 1989. J Korean Acad Fam Med 1991;12:46-67
14 International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:36-47
15 Korean Medical Association. English-Korean Medical Terminology. 3rd ed. Seoul: Academy Publisher; 1992
16 White SJ. Statistical errors in papers in the British Journal of Psychiatry. Br J Psychiatry 1979;135:336- 42
17 Kim YJ, Choi YJ. Statistical analysis used for the studies in the Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association. J Korean Orthop Assoc 1999;34:625-9
18 Ko H, Kwak IY, Choe IH, Ham BM, Kim KW. Statistical methods in the articles of the Journal of the Korean Society of Anesthesiologists from 1981 to 1990. Korean J Anestheisol 1993;26: 22-7
19 Yoon BJ, Chi JG. How to write medical papers and use literature retrieval system. Seoul: Seoul National University Press; 1992
20 Feinstein AR. Clinical biostatistics. XLIV. A survey of the research architecture used for publications in general medical journals. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1978;24:117-25
21 Glantz SA. Biostatistics: how to detect, correct and prevent errors in the medical literature. Circulation 1980;61:1-7
22 Gore SM, Jones IG, Rytter EC. Misuse of statistical methods: critical assessment of articles in BMJ from January to March 1976. Br Med J 1977;1:85-7
23 Park IK, Kim TY. An evaluation of the statistical techniques used in the 1994-1998 editions of The Journal of the Korean Rheumatism Association The Journal of the Korean Rheumatism Association. 2000;7:120-6
24 MacArthur RD, Jackson GG. An evaluation of the use of statistical methodology in the Journal of Infectious Diseases. J Infect Dis 1984;149:349-54
25 Hwang K, Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Lee SI. Statistical errors in papers in the Journal of Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (JKPRS). J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg 2001;28:302-9
26 Bailar JC III, Mosteller F. Medical uses of statistics. 2nd ed. Boston: NEJM Books; 1992
27 Kim YY, Lee EI, Jung HR. Research designs, research methods, and statistical techniques in Korean opthal mic articles. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1994;35:460-73
28 Chinn S. Statistics for the European Respiratory Journal. Eur Respir J 2001;18:393-401
29 Shin MH, Son YI, Cho YS, Kim HY, Ha BS, Kim SI. The use of statistical analysis in the Korean Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. Korean J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999;42:1364-9
30 Kim JH, Kim JS. Statistical methods used in the Journal of Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine. J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 1998;22:46-55
31 Kim SN, Huh S. Can statistics used in the medical journals from Korea be covered by Korean statistical program, dBSTAT? Korean J Med Educ 2002;14:111-7
32 Moss M, Wellman DA, Cotsonis GA. An appraisal of multivariable logistic models in the pulmonary and critical care literature. Chest 2003;123:923-8
33 Park YG. Statistical errors in the published papers in the Journal (2001. 1). J Korean Acad Fam Med 2001;22:241-3
34 Song H, Park KH, Kim WH, Jun TG. Present statistical status in papers in the Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994;27:732-7
35 Bailar JC 3rd, Mosteller F. Guidelines for statistical reporting in articles for medical journals. Amplifications and explanations. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:266-73
36 Reed JF 3rd, Salen P, Bagher P. Methodological and statistical techniques: what do residents really need to know about statistics? J Med Syst 2003;27:233-8
37 Hokanson JA, Luttman DJ, Weiss GB. Frequency and diversity of use of statistical techniques in oncology journals. Cancer Treat Rep 1986;70:589-94
38 Lee HJ. Medical research and use of statistics. Seoul: Korea Medical Book Publisher; 2000
39 Schor S, Karten I. Statistical evaluation of medical journal manuscripts. JAMA 1966;195:1123-8
40 Appleton DR. What statistics should we teach medical undergraduates and graduates? Stat Med 1990;9: 1013-21
41 Lee HK. Comparison of two population means. Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis 1998;5:152-7
42 Felson DT, Cupples LA, Meenan RF. Misuse of statistical methods in Arthritis and Rheumatism. 1982 versus 1967-68. Arthritis Rheum 1984;27:1018-22
43 Cho SC, Ahn YO. Present status of description and application of statistics in papers in the Journal of Neuropsychiatric Association. J Korean Neuropsy chiatric Assoc 1991;30:462-76
44 Ahn WS. Statistical methods in the articles in the Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Published from 1994 to 1998. Korean J Anesthesiol 2000;39:706-1
45 Korean Statistical Society. Statistical term glossary. Seoul: Freedom Academy; 1992
46 Altman DG. Statistics in medical journals: some recent trends. Stat Med 2000;19:3275-89