Influence of Hyaluronic Acid on the Different Levels of Lysozyme and Peroxidase in the Aspects of Candidacidal Activities

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the influences of hyaluronic acid on the candidacidal activities of lysozyme, the peroxidase system, and the glucose oxidase-mediated peroxidase (GO-PO) system at different concentrations of antimicrobial enzymes. Methods: Hyaluronic acid was used at a final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) was used at concentrations ranging from 10 to $100{\mu}g/mL$. The peroxidase system included bovine lactoperoxidase (bLPO), potassium thiocyanate (KSCN, 1 mM), and hydrogen peroxide ($100{\mu}M$). The GO-PO system included bLPO, KSCN (1 mM), glucose oxidase (10 units/mL), and glucose ($30{\mu}g/mL$). The final concentration of bLPO in the peroxidase and GO-PO systems ranged from 12.5 to $100{\mu}g/mL$. Candida albicans strains ATCC 10231, 11006, and 18804 were utilized. Candidacidal activities of antimicrobials and the influence of hyaluronic acid on their candidacidal activities were determined based on colony forming units. Results: Candidacidal activities of the peroxidase and GO-PO systems increased with increasing concentrations of bLPO. This tendency was the same in the presence or absence of hyaluronic acid. Candidacidal activity of HEWL was not significantly concentration-dependent. Candidacidal activities of the GO-PO system were higher than those of the corresponding peroxidase system. Candidacidal activity was inhibited in the presence of hyaluronic acid in the following order: HEWL, the peroxidase system, and the GO-PO system. Conclusions: Hyaluronic acid inhibited the candidacidal activities of HEWL, the peroxidase system, and the GO-PO system. The GO-PO system exhibited better candidacidal activity than HEWL and the peroxidase system both in the presence and absence of hyaluronic acid.