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http://dx.doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2014.41.3.205

The Effect of Stocking Density and Strain on the Performance and Physiological Adaptive Responses in Broiler Chickens  

Jang, In-Surk (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Yun, Seo-Hyun (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Ko, Young-Hyun (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Kim, Se-Yun (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Song, Min-Hye (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Kim, Jong-Sun (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Sohn, Sea-Hwan (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Moon, Yang-Soo (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Poultry Science / v.41, no.3, 2014 , pp. 205-215 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of stocking density and strain on the performance and physiological adaptive responses including the plasma corticosterone content and the level of mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant enzymes in broiler chicks. A total of 300 birds of two strains (150 Ross strain vs. 150 Cobb strain) aged 3-d old were allotted into two stocking densities (standard stocking density,$0.046m^2/bird$ vs. high stocking density, $0.023m^2/bird$) in battery cages by $2{\times}2$ factorial designs with ten replicates until 35 d of age. There was no significant strain effect on body weight, feed intakes and feed to gain ratio and the relative organ weights. However body weight, feed intakes and relative organ weight were found to be significantly (P<0.05) affected by the effect of stocking density. Plasma corticosterone level was not affected by both stocking density and strain effects. Hepatic mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), IL-6, IL-18 and interferon-gamma (IFN-${\gamma}$) was not significantly changed by the effects of strain and stocking density. However, the mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) was affected by strain, showing that Ross strain decreased (P<0.05) the GPX expression. With respect to the effect of stocking density, there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and GPX mRNA expression in the liver from high stocking density group. Splenic pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was not also affected by stocking density and strain, except that IL-18 mRNA significantly (P<0.05) decreased in Cobb strain under high stocking density. The mRNA expression of SOD and CAT was significantly (P<0.05) affected by the effects of stocking density and strain. In conclusion, growth performance was not affected by strain but stocking density. Although mRNA expression of major pro-inflammatory cytokines was not changed by stocking density and strain, antioxidant enzyme was significantly affected by stocking density, strain or even organ in birds under summer conditions. More detailed studies still needed to be explored to elucidate the effects of environmental conditions and genetic background on physiological responses in birds.
Keywords
stocking density; strain; Ross; Cobb; cytokines; antioxidant enzymes;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
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