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http://dx.doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2010.37.1.069

Comparative Effects of Dietary Isolated Soy Protein and Casein on Plasma Cholesterol Levels in Young Chicks  

Chee, Kew-Mahn (Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Kim, Young-Mee (Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Juhn, Jee-Young (Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Choi, In-Sook (Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Oh, Mi-Hyang (Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Poultry Science / v.37, no.1, 2010 , pp. 69-80 More about this Journal
Abstract
Hypocholesterolemic effect of soy protein was examined in comparison with casein and three other dietary protein sources in chicks. In two feeding trials, 40 (Expt.1) or 50 (Expt. 2), three-day-old, male chicks were forced-fed each of five semi-purified-type diets containing isolated soy protein (ISP, cp 82%), casein (cp 92%), rice protein (RP, cp 70%), corn gluten meal (CGM, cp 65%) or fish meal (FM, cp 70%) for two weeks. The diets for Expt. 2 were supplemented with 0.3% cholesterol by replacing glucose. Each protein source was the only source of protein of each diet. Essential amino acids were added to the diets to satisfy their requirements according to NRC. The diets were forced-fed to equalize the intake of all nutrients except the amino acids which were inherently variable in the diets. Chicks fed casein showed lower body weight gain than those fed the other proteins in both experiments. Birds fed ISP and FM gained better body weight than the others. Chicks fed casein showed significantly higher levels of plasma total cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TG) than those fed ISP and the other protein sources. Meanwhile, the chicks fed ISP, RP, CGM and FM showed comparable levels of plasma total cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol and TG. In Expt. 2, the birds fed casein and FM showed markedly elevated plasma total cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol levels. Liver weight and levels of total lipids and cholesterol of chicks fed casein appeared significantly higher than those of the other protein diets, whereas those of the chicks fed ISP, RP, CGM and FM appeared comparable except cholesterol in FM group. In conclusion, only the chicks fed casein diets in both experiments always showed significantly higher levels of plasma cholesterol and TG compared to those fed ISP and the other protein sources. These results support the views that casein, which has unique lysine-arginine ratio, is inherently hyper-cholesterolemic, and ISP is hypocholesterolemic only when compared to casein.
Keywords
isolated soy protein; casein; rice protein; fish meal; corn gluten meal; plasma cholesterol; chick;
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