Browse > Article

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Betaine on Performance, Lipid Metabolic Parameters, and Blood and Ileal Osmolality in Laying Hens  

Ryu, Myeong-Seon (Department of Animal Resource and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University)
Park, Jae-Hong (Department of Animal Resource and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University)
Shin, Ki-Hyeong (Department of Animal Resource and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University)
Na, Jong-Sam (Department of Animal Science, Iksan National College)
Ryu, Kyeong-Seon (Institute of Agricultural Science Technology, Research Center for Industrial Development of Biofood Materials, Chonbuk National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Poultry Science / v.30, no.4, 2003 , pp. 259-267 More about this Journal
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of betaine on egg production, lipid metabolism, and osmoregulation in 18-to 42-week-old ISA Brown laying hens. In experiment 1, three hundred and sixty one hens were fed a com-soy basal diet contailing 16% crude protein (CP), 2800 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (ME), 0.33% methionine, and 0, 300, 600, or 1200 mg betaine per kg diet. Egg production, egg weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, and egg quality were measured every eight weeks. Betaine concentration in live and egg were determined along with serum cholesterol, abdominal fat, total serum protein and albumin levels. In experiment 2, twenty thirty-three-week-old laying hens were fed the same diets as those used in experiment 1 in individual cages and the amount of feed and water consumption were measured for two weeks. At the end of experiment 2, all birds were killed to determine blood plasma and ileal osmopressure, arginine vasotocin (AVT), and liver moisture content. In experiment 1, egg production between the treatments during the first eight weeks were not different, whereas the significant increment of egg production were noticed in the birds fed more than 600 ppm betaine after reaching the peak egg production stage (p<0.05). The egg weight was reduced significantly by the betaine supplementation for the first 8 weeks (p<0.05). Feed conversion tended to improve by betaine supplement. Egg quality was not enhanced by betaine supplementation. Liver betaine level increased with betaine feeding compared to the control but betaine concentration in eggs decreased with betaine supplementation. Betaine supplementation elevated the level of serum total cholesterol and triglyeerides compared to the control. Abdominal fat content was increased by betaine supplementation, whereas liver fat content decreased. In experiment 2, water consumption significantly increased in hens fed diets containing 300 and 600 mg betaine/kg (p<0.05) and osmotic pressure of ileal digesta increased with betaine supplement. Liver moisture content was not affected by betaine, but AVT increased in hens fed betaine. The overal results suggested the possibility of using betaine as a feed additives in the laying hens beacuse of its positive contribution to improving egg production and other metabolic parameters related to lipid metabolism.
Keywords
betaine; laying hens; egg production; blood lipid; osmolality;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Ferraris 10, Burg MB, Williams CK, Peters EM, GarciaPerez A1996 Betaine transporter cDNA cloning and effect ofosmolytes on its mRNA induction. Am J Physiol 39:C650-C654.
2 Harms RH, Russell GB 2002 Betaine does not improveperformance of laying hens when the diet contains adequatecholine. Poult Sci 81:99-101.
3 Kidd MI, Ferket PR, Garlich JD 1997 Nutritional andosmoregulatory functions of betain. World's Poult Sci J53:125-139.
4 McDevitt RM, Mack S, Wallis IR 2000 Can betaine partiallyreplace or enhance the effect of methionine by improvingbroiler growth and carcass characteristics? Br Poult Sci41:473-480.
5 SAS Institute 1996 SAS/STAT Guide Version 6.12 SAS Institute Inc Cary NC.
6 Keyser EG, Waldroup PW, Harris GC 1968 The effect ofdietary protein levels on serum protein. Poult Sci 47: 687.
7 Kettunen H, Peuranen S, Tiihonen K 2001b Betaine aids in theosmoregulation of duodenal epithelium of broiler chicks, andaffects the movement of water across the intestinalepithelium in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol A 129:595-603.
8 Stallone IN, Braun EJ 1986 Regulation of plasma argmmevasotocin in conscious water-deprived domestic fowl. Am JPhysiol 250:R658-664.
9 Garcia Neto M, Pesti GM, Bakalli RI 2000 Influence of dietaryprotein level on the broiler chicken's response to methionineand betaine supplements. Poult Sci 79:1478-1484.
10 Ryu MS, Cho KH, Shin WJ, Ryu KS 2002 Influence of dietary supplemental betaine on performance and egg quality of laying hens during the heat stress. Korean J Poult Sci 29:117-123.
11 Schutte JB, long JD, Smink W, Pack M 1997 Replacementvalue of betaine for Dl.-methioninc in male broiler chicks.Poult Sci 76:321-325.
12 Beli A 1995 What's the word on betaine? Pork95 February pp26-27.
13 Kettunen H, Tiihonen K, Peuranen S, Saarinen MT, Remus JC2001a Dietary betaine accumulates in the liver and intestinaltissue and stabilizes the intestinal epithelial structure inhealthy and coccidian-infected broiler chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol A 130:759-769.
14 Dominique H 1997 Lipoprotein metabolism and fattening inpoultry. J Nutr 127:805-808.
15 Saunderson CL, MacKinlay J 1990 Changes in body-weight,composition and hepatic enzyme activities in response todietary methionine, betaine and choline levels in growingchicks. Sr J Nutr 63:339-349.
16 Matthews 10, Southern LL, Pontif JE, Higbie AD, Bidner TD1998 Interactive effects of betaine, crude protein, and netenergy in fmishing pigs. J Anim Sci 76:2444-2455.
17 Esteve-Garcia E, Stefan M 2000 The effect of DL-methionineand betaine on growth performance and carcass characteristicsin broilers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 87:85-93.
18 Rzasa J, Ewy Z 1970 Effect of vasotocin and oxytocin onoviposition in the hen. J Reprod fertil 21:549-550
19 Haydon KD, Campbell RG, Prince TJ 1995 Effect of dietarybetaine additions and amino:calorie ratio on performance andcarcass traits of finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 73(Suppl 1):83(Abstr).
20 Wunz TM, Wright S 1993 Betaine transport in rabbit renalbrush-border membrane vesicles. Am J Physiol 264:F948-F955
21 Koike II, Pryor LR, Neldon HL, Venable RS 1977 Effects ofwater deprivation of plasma radioimmunoassayable argininevasotocin in conscious chickens (Gallus domesticus). GenComp Endocrinol 33:359-364.
22 Saarinen MI, Kettunen H, Pulliainen K, Peuranen S, TiihonenK, Remus J 2001 A novel method to analyze betaine inchicken liver: effect of dietary betaine and cholinesupplementation on the hepatic betaine concentration inbroiler chicks. J Agric Food Chern 49:559-563.
23 Muhlbauer E, Hamann D, Xu B, Ivell R, Ellendorf F,Grossmann R 1992 Arginine vasotocin gene expressionduring osmotic challenge in the chicken. J Neuroendocrinology4:347-351.
24 Allain, CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, Richmond W, Fu PC 1974Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. ClinicChemistry 20:470-475.