Effects of Strains and Enviromental Factors on Economic Traits in Korean Native Chicken

This study was carried out to estimate the effects of strain and generation on the major production performances of Korean native chicken. The data were collected from 11,583 birds of the 7 generations over the year 1995 through 2001 at National Livestock Research Institute, Korea. Results obtained were summarized as follows: The body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were 1,557.7 and 1880.7, 1,471.7 and 1,738.2, 1,393.5 and 1,694.9, 1,591.2 and 1,910.0, 1,545.6 and 1,763.6g in Red Brown, Yellow Brown, Gray Brown, Black, and White strains, respectively. The Coefficient of Variations (CVs) of the body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were 9.65~13.79% and 13.29~15.16%. The ages at first egg were 150.0, 148.3, 149.5, 152,8 and 147.7 days in Red Brown, Yellow Brown, Gray Brown, Black and White strains, respectively and the CVs were between 9.33 and 10.11%. The egg weights at the first egg and 270 days of age were 33.2 and 50.8, 32.2 and 49.2, 32.2 and 49.1, 33.0 and 50.0, 30.7 and 47.8g respectively. The CVs of the egg weights of the first egg and at 270 days of age were 13.54~15.27% and 6.93~7.36%. The numbers of eggs produced by 270 days of age were 77.0, 79.3, 77.3, 73,7, 75.4, respectively, and observed CVs were between 29.98~36.99%. The significant strain effects were investigated in all the major economic traits in Korean native chicken. The significant strain effects were investigated in all the major economic traits in Korean native chicken. The highest least square (LS) means of the body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were observed in Black strain as 1,594.38 and 1,911.57g. The earliest LS mean of the ages at first egg was 146.88days in White strain. The heaviest LS means of egg weights at the first egg and 270 days of age were observed in Red Brown strain as 32.20 and 50.74g. The LS mean of the largest number of egg production was 79.50 eggs in Yellow Brown strain. Also, The significant generation effects were investigated in all the major economic traits. The highest LS means of the body weights at 150 and 270 days of age were observed in the generation 3 as 1,599.74 and 1,905.01g. The earliest LS mean of the age at first egg was 143.31 days in 4th generation. The heaviest LS means of egg weights at the first egg and 270 days of age were observed in 7th and 5th generation as 35.68 and 50.42g. The LS means of the largest number of egg production was 78.53 eggs in generation 6. In general, light body weight, short time for the age at first egg, heavy egg weight, and large number of egg production were observed as the generation proceeded.

한국재래닭의 경제 형질에 미치는 계통 및 환경의 효과

본 연구는 한국재래닭의 효율적인 유전능력의 개량을 위한 육종목표의 설정과 선발을 수행하는데 필요한 자료를 얻고자 축산기술연구소에서 1995년부터 2001년까지 7세대에 걸쳐 능력검정된 11,583수에 대한 자료를 이용하여 주요경제형질의 체중, 시산일령, 난중 및 산란수에 대한 평균능력과 계통 및 출생세대의 효과를 추정한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 150일령 체중은 적갈색, 황갈색, 회갈색, 흑색 및 백색계통에서 각각 1,557.7, 1,471.7, 1,393.5, 1591.2 및 1,545.6g이었으며, 변이계수는 9.65~13.79%이었고, 270일령 체중은 각각 1.880.8, 1,738.2, 1,694.9, 1,901.0 및 1,763.6g이었으며, 변이계수는 13.29~15.16%로 150일령 체중에 비해 다소 높은 편이었다. 산란능력은 적갈색, 황갈색, 회갈색, 흑색 및 백색계통에서 시산일령은 각각 150.0, 148.3, 149.5, 152,8 및 147.7일이었고, 변이계수는 13.54~15.27%로 다소 높은 편이었으며, 270일령 난중은 각각 50.8, 49.2, 49.1, 50.0 및 47.8g이었고, 변이계수는 6.93~7.36%로 낮았으며, 270일령 산란수는 77.0, 79.3, 77.3, 73.7 및 75.4개이었고, 변이계수는 29.98~36.99%로 아주 높은 수치이었다. 재래닭의 주요 경제형질에 대한 계통의 효과는 모든 형질에서 유의적인 차이가 인정되었으며, 계통별 최소자승 평균치는 150일령 및 270일령 체중에서 흑색계통이 각각 1,594.38 및 1,911.57g으로 가장 무거웠고, 시산일령은 백색계통이 146.88일로 가장 빨랐으며, 시산난중 및 270일령 난중은 적갈색 계통이 각각 32.20 및 50.74g으로 가장 무거웠고, 산란수는 황갈색 계통이 79.50개로 가장 많았다. 또한 주요 경제형질에 대한 세대의 효과는 모든 형질에서 통계적인 유의성이 인정되었으며, 세대별 최소자승 평균치는 150일령 및 270일령 체중에서 3세대에서 각각 1,599.74 및 1,905.01g으로 가장 무거웠고, 시산일령은 4세대에서 143.31일로 가장 빨랐으며, 시산난중은 7세대에 35.68g, 270일령 난중은 5세대에 50.42g으로 가장 무거웠고, 270일령 산란수는 6세대에서 78.53개로 가장 많았으며, 대체로 세대가 증가할수록 체중과 시산일령은 줄어들고, 난중과 산란수는 증가하는 방향으로 개량되었다.