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Multi-hop RFID Reader and Tag Communication Architecture for Port Logistics  

Yoo, Young-Hwan (부산대학교 정보컴퓨터공학부 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 연구실)
Kim, Jin-Hwan (부산대학교 정보컴퓨터공학부 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 연구실)
Abstract
The RFID technology has attracted much attention these days due to the far better efficiency than the bar-code and magnetic card system. As an important usage, the 433 MHz active RFID tag was already adopted to the container ports in the United States and Europe for container loading/unloading automation and equipment location. However, there is one problem to be solved for the complete automation. RFID readers support only the direct communication with tags within their RF communication range. Then there are a lot of containers and equipments such as crane, yard tractor, and forklift in ports; and because they are made of metal, they interfere the RF communication, resulting in the occurrence of the dead-zone. In the dead-zone, RFID tags cannot receive any signal from readers. There may be several solutions to resolve the dead-zone problem. Among them, this paper suggests the most economical solution where RFID tags in the dead-zone can communicate with readers via neighbor tags in the multi-hop manner The new RFID communication architecture should be carefully designed in order to maintain the compatibility with the previous standard. Our experiment shows that the proposed architecture works well even in the case where some tags are out of the RF range of reader.
Keywords
active tag; dead-zone; multi-hop communication; port logistics; RFID/USN;
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