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http://dx.doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2017.40.4.265

Degradation capability of macromolecular organic matters and antimicrobial activities of Bacillus species isolated from surf clam (Tresus keenae)  

Yi, Seung-Won (Department of Aquaculture, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries)
Moon, Sung-Hyun (College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University)
Cho, Ho-Seong (College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University)
Kim, Chul-Won (Department of Aquaculture, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Veterinary Service / v.40, no.4, 2017 , pp. 265-275 More about this Journal
Abstract
The production of enzymes that help digestion, assimilation of essential nutrients, and prevent pathogenic bacteria are important for probiotics used in aquaculture. The objective of this study was to investigate enzyme activities for macromolecular organic matters and antimicrobial properties of the selected potential probiotics isolated from gut of surf clam (Tresus keenae) against well-known shellfish-pathogenic bacteria. Among 65 isolates from guts of 60 surf clams, seven Bacillus strains with outstanding degradation capability of macromolecule organic matter were selected as potential probiotics as follows: TKI01 (B. vietnamensis), TKI02, TKI26 (B. thuringiensis), TKI14, TKI32, TKI42 (B. amyloliquefaciens), and TKI18 (B. stratosphericus). After in vitro antimicrobial activity test was performed against five shellfish-pathogenic bacteria including Listonella anguillarum, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. splendidus, V. harveyi, V. tubiashii, PCR assay was performed to detect bacteriocin-producing strain. PCR results revealed that the five Bacillus strains possessed diverse bacteriocin genes including ericinA, coagulin, surfactin, iturin, bacyllomicin, fengycin, bacylisin, subtilin, and lantibiotics. In the present study, the selected seven Bacillus strains showed different enzyme activities according to types of macromolecule organic matters. And their antimicrobial activities varied based on the species of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, at least five Bacillus strains had genetic potential to produce several natural lipopeptide antibiotics that may help biological control of surf clam aquaculture. Therefore, mixed use of probiotics might show co-operative effect and increase the efficiency of probiotics rather than separate use. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report on antimicrobial properties of Bacillus species isolated from surf clam.
Keywords
Surf clam; Tresus keenae; Shellfish probiotics; Bacillus spp.; Bacteriocin;
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