Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2011.34.1.075

Renal effect of experimental feeding of melamine and cyanuric acid in different concentrations on Japanese catfish (Silurus asotus)  

Han, Se-Hee (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
Heo, Gang-Joon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Veterinary Service / v.34, no.1, 2011 , pp. 75-79 More about this Journal
Abstract
The recent outbreak of renal failure in infants in China and in animals in USA and Europe has been determined to be caused by melamine adulterated in the food. In the course of the investigation, cyanuric acid was identified in addition to melamine in the offending food. Fish feeds were also recently found to be contaminated with melamine. The purpose of this study was to characterize the histopathological effect and toxicity potential of different concentrations of melamine and cyanuric acid in the kidney of Japanese catfish (Silurus asotus). The fish were administered melamine and cyanuric acid in combination at the concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day for 3 days by single oral administration dissolved in carboxymethyl cellulose. The results showed that renal crystals were observed in renal tubules and collecting ducts at the concentration over 25 mg/kg dose group and the number of crystals in kidney were in proportion to the concentrations of melamine and cyanuric acid.
Keywords
Melamine; Cyanuric acid; Renal crystal; Japanese catfish;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Chen JS. 2009. A worldwide food safety concern in 2008-melamine- contaminated infant formula in China caused urinary tract stone in 290,000 children in China. Chin Med J 122(3): 243-244.
2 Cianciolo RE, Bischoff K, Ebel JG, Van Winkle TJ, Goldstein RE, Serfilippi LM. 2008. Clinicopathologic, histologic, and toxicologic findings in 70 cats inadverrtently exposed to pet food contaminated with melamine and cyanuric acid. J Am Vet Med Assoc 233(5): 729-737.   DOI
3 Dobson RL, Motlagh S, Quijano M, Cambron RT, Baker TR, Pullen AM, Regg BT, Bigalow-Kern AS, Vennard T, Fix A, Reimschuessel R, Overmann G, Shan Y, Daston GP. 2008. Identification and characterization of toxicity of contaminants in pet food leading to an outbreak of renal toxicity in cats and dogs. Toxicol Sci 106(1): 251- 262.   DOI
4 Ejaz AA, Mu W, Kang DH, Roncal C, Sautin YY, Henderson G, Tabah-Fisch I, Keller B, Beaver TM, Nakagawa T, Johnson RJ. 2007. Could uric acid have a role in acute renal failure? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2(1): 16-21.
5 Hauck RD, Stephenson HF. 1964. Fertilizer nitrogen source, nitrification of triazine nitrogen. J Agric Food Chem 12(2): 147-151.   DOI
6 Hodge HC, Panner BJ, Downs WL, Maynard EA. 1965. Toxicity of sodium cyanurate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 7(5): 667-674.   DOI
7 Lipschitz WL, Stokey E. 1945. The mode of action of three new diuretics: melamine, adenine and formoguanamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 83(3): 235-249.
8 Puschner B, Poppenga RH, Lownsteirn LJ, Filigenzi MS, Pesavento PA. 2007. Assessment of melamine and cyanuric acid toxicity in cats. J Vet Diagn Invest 19(6): 616-624.   DOI
9 Reimschuessel R, Evans E, Andersen WC, Turnipseed SB, Karbiwnyk CM, Mayer TD, Nochetto C, Rummel NG, Gieseker CM. 2009. Residue depletion of melamine and cyanuric acid in catfish and rainbow trout following oral administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 33(2): 172-182.
10 Reimschuessel R, Gieseker CM, Miller RA, Ward J, Boehmer J, Rummel N, Heller DN, Nochetto C, de Alwis GK, Bataller N, Andersen WC, Turnipseed SB, Karbiwnyk CM, Satzger RD, Crowe JB, Wilber NR, Reinhard MK, Roberts JF, Witkowski MR. 2008. Evaluation of the renal effects of experimental feeding of melamine and cyanuric acid to fish and pigs. Am J Vet Res 69(9): 1217-1228.   DOI
11 Reimschuessel R, Stewart L, Squibb E, Hirokawa K, Brady T, Brooks D, Shaikh B, Hodsdon C. 2005. Fish drug analysis- Phishpharm: A searchable database of pharmacokinetics data in fish. AAPS J 7(2): E288-327.   DOI
12 Weil ED, Choudhary V. 1995. Flame-retarding plastics and elastomers with melamine. J Fire Sci 13(2): 104-126.   DOI
13 Wu YN, Zhao YF, Li JG, Melamine Analysis Group. 2009. A survey on occurrence of melamine and its analogues in tainted infant formula in China. Biomed Environ Sci 22(2): 95-99.   DOI
14 Xie G, Zheng X, Qi X, Cao Y, Chi Y, Su M, Ni Y, Qiu Y, Liu Y, Li H, Zhao A, Jia W. 2010. Metabonomic evaluation of melamine-induced acute renal toxicity in rats. J Proteome Res 9(1): 125-133.   DOI
15 Xu W, Dong M, Gersen H, Rauls E, Vazquez-Campos S, Crego- Calama M, Reinhoudt DN, Stensgaard I, Laegsgaard E, Linderoth TR, Besenbacher F. 2007. Cyanuric acid and melamine on Au(111): Structure and energetics of hydrogen bonded networks. Small 5: 854-858.
16 Brown CA, Jeong KS, Poppenga RH, Puschner B, Miller DM, Ellis AE, Kang KI, Sum S, Cistola AM, Brown SA. 2007. Outbreaks of renal failure associated with melamine and cyanuric acid in dogs and cats in 2004 and 2007. J Vet Diagn Invest 19(5): 525-531.   DOI
17 강희경. 2009. Mini-review: 멜라닌에 의한 신요로계 결석. 대한소아신장학회지 13(1): 21-25.
18 이정열, 허준욱, 김선규. 2008. 기아에 따른 양식 메기, Silurus asotus의 성장 및 생리적 반응. 한국어류학회지 20(2): 81-89.