Browse > Article

Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Behavior of Tri-O-[4-{4'-(cyanophenylazo)phenoxy}]alkyl Celluloses  

Jeong, Seung-Yong (Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Dankook University)
Son, Ho-Min (Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Dankook University)
Ma, Yung-Dae (Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Dankook University)
Publication Information
Polymer(Korea) / v.34, no.2, 2010 , pp. 116-125 More about this Journal
Abstract
The thermotropic liquid crystalline behavior of the homologous series of combined-type liquid crystalline polymers, tri-O-{4-(4'-cyanophenylazo)phenoxy}alkyl celluloses (CACETn, where n, the number of methylene units in the spacer, is 2~10) have been investigated. The CACETn with n of 5 and 7 exhibited enantiotropic nematic phases, while other polymers showed monotropic nematic phases. The isotropic-nematic transition temperature($T_{iN}$) increased when n is increased up to 4, but it decreased with increasing n more than 5. The entropy change at $T_{iN}$ also reaches a minimum at n=5, before it increases again for n=6. The sharp change at n=5 may be attributed to the difference in arrangement in the side groups. The nematic-crystalline transition temperatures, in contrast with $T_{iNS}$, exhibited a distinct odd-even effect, suggesting that the average shape of the side chains in the crystalline phase is different from that in the nematic phase. The mesophase properties of CACETn were significantly different from those reported for tri-O-alkyl celluloses and poly[1-{4-(4'-cyanophenylazo)phenoxyalkyloxy}ethylene]s. The results were discussed in terms of the difference in the chemical structures of the main and side chains and the number of the mesogenic units per repeating unit.
Keywords
cellulose; cyanoazobenzene; spacer length; nematic phase;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 10  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 1  (Related Records In Web of Science)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
1 Q. Zhou, L. Zhang, H. Okamura, M. Minoda, and T. Miyamoto, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 39, 376 (2001).   DOI   ScienceOn
2 M. Sato and M. Mizoi, Polym. J., 36, 607 (2004).   DOI   ScienceOn
3 J.-W. Lee, J.-I. Jin, B.-W. Jo, J.-S. Kim, W.-C. Zin, and Y.-S. Kang, Acta Polym., 50, 399 (1999).   DOI
4 X. L. Piao, J.-S. Kim, Y.-K. Yun, J.-I. Jin, and S.-K. Hong, Macromolecules, 30, 2294 (1997).   DOI   ScienceOn
5 V. Percec, A. D. Asandai, D. H. Hill, and D. Crawford, Macromolecules, 32, 2597 (1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
6 A. A. Craig and C. T. Imrie, Macromolecules, 28. 3617 (1995).   DOI   ScienceOn
7 J.-W. Lee and J.-I. Jin, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 21, 957 (2000).
8 M. Warner, Side Chain Liquid Crystal Polymers, C. B. McArdle. Editor, Chapman and Hall, New York, Chap 3, p 7 (1989).
9 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 30, 35 (2006).   과학기술학회마을
10 T. Yamaguchi and T. Asada, Liq. Cryst., 10, 215 (1991).   DOI   ScienceOn
11 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 31, 58 (2007).   과학기술학회마을
12 E. Chiellini and M. Laus, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, D. Demus, J. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, and V. Vill, Editors, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim-New York, Vol 3, Chap. 2, p 26 (1998).
13 J. W. Goodby, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, D. Demus, J. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, and V. Vill, Editors, Wiley-VCH, Weinhein-New York, Vol 2A, Chap. V, p 411 (1998).
14 M. Tokita and J. Watanabe, Polym. J., 38, 611 (2006).   DOI   ScienceOn
15 B. Q. Chen, A. Kaneyama, and T. Nishikubo, Macromolecules, 32, 6485 (1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
16 G. W. Gray and J. W. G. Goodby, Smectic Liquid Crystals, Leonard Hill, Glasgow and Lodon, p 1 (1984).
17 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 33, 144 (2009).   과학기술학회마을
18 G. W. Gray, The Molecular Physics of Liquid Crystals, G. R. Luckhurst and G. W. Gray, Editors, Academic Press, New York, Chap. 1, p 1 (1979).
19 D. Demus, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, D. Demus, J. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, and V. Vill, Editors, Wiley-VCH, Weinhein-New York, Vol 1, Chap. VI, p 133 (1998).
20 P. J. Collings and M. Hird, Introduction to Liquid Crystals, G. W. Gray, J. W. Goodby, and A. Fukuda, Editors, Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, Chap. 3, p 43 (1997).
21 J.-I. Jin, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 267, 249 (1995).   DOI
22 C. T. Imrie, T. Schleeh, F. E. Karasz, and G. S. Attard, Macromolecules, 26, 539 (1993).   DOI
23 J. W. Y. Lam, X. Kong, Y. Dong, K. K. L. Cheuk, K. Xu, and B. Z. Tang, Macromolecules, 33, 5027 (2000).   DOI   ScienceOn
24 A. A. Craig and C. T. Imrie, Macromolecules, 32, 6215 (1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
25 C. T. Imrie, F. E. Karasz, and G. S. Attard, Macromolecules, 26, 545 (1993).   DOI
26 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 32, 230 (2008).   과학기술학회마을
27 T. Yamaguchi, T. Asada, H. Hayashi, and N. Nakamura, Macromolecules, 22, 1141 (1989).   DOI   ScienceOn
28 M. Ratloh, J. Stumpe, L. Stachanov, S. Kostromin, and V. Shibaev, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 352, 149 (2000).   DOI
29 M. Sato, K. Nakagawa, M. Hayakawa, K.-I. Mukaida, H. Fujiwara, and Y. Tada, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 196, 2955 (1995).   DOI   ScienceOn
30 K. Rameshbabu and P. Kannan, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 104, 2760 (2007).   DOI   ScienceOn
31 T. Yamagishi, Ph. D. dissertation, Kyoto University, 1989.
32 P. Maganini, Thermotropic Liquid Crystal Polymer Blends, F. P. La Mania, Editor, Technonic Publishing Company, Inc., Western Hemisphere, Chap. 1, p 7 (1993).
33 M. Yalpani, Polysaccharides, Elsevier, New York, Chap. 4, p 83 (1998).
34 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 33, 297 (2009).   과학기술학회마을
35 T. Itoh, H. Suzuki, and T. Miyamoto, Bull. Inst. Chem. Res. (Kyoto Univ.), 70, 132 (1992).
36 S.-Y. Jeong, I.-S. Kim, and Y.-D. Ma, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 20, 603 (2009).
37 A. A. Craig, I. Winchester, P. C. Madden, P. Larcev, I. W. Hamley, and C. T. Imrie, Polymer, 39, 1197 (1998).   DOI   ScienceOn
38 C. Pugh and A. L. Kiste Handbook of Liquid Crystals, D. Demus, J. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, and V. Vill, Editors, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim-New York, Vol 3, Chap. III, p 123 (1998).
39 C. T. Imrie, F. E. Karasz, and G. S. Attard, Macromolecules, 26, 3803 (1993).   DOI   ScienceOn
40 Z. Komiya and R. R. Schrock, Macromolecules, 26, 1393 (1993).   DOI   ScienceOn
41 V. Percec and C. Pugh, Side Chain Liquid Crystal Polymers, C. B. McAdle, Editor, Chapman and Hall, New York, Chap. 3, p 30 (1989).
42 A. Iogai, A. Ishizu, and J. Nakano, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 31, 341 (1986).   DOI   ScienceOn
43 C. Jianan, H. Yifang, Y. Jinyue, Y. Shaoqiong, and Y. Hua, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 45, 2153 (1992).   DOI
44 C. Wu, Q. Gu, Y. Huang, and S. Chen, Liq. Cryst., 30, 733 (2003).   DOI   ScienceOn
45 R. Zental, Handbook of Liquid Crystals. D. Demus, J. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, and V. ViII, Editors, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim-New York, Vol 3, Chap. 3, p 52 (1998).
46 L. Andruzzi, A. Altomare, F. Ciardelli, R. Solaro, S. Hvilsted, and P. S. Ramanujam, Macromolecules, 32, 448 (1999).   DOI   ScienceOn
47 V. Shibaev, A. Bobrovsky, and N. Boiko, Prog. Polym. Sci., 28, 729 (2003).   DOI   ScienceOn
48 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 32, 446 (2008).   과학기술학회마을
49 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 33, 58 (2009).   과학기술학회마을
50 T. Fukuda, Y. Tsujii, and T. Miamoto, Macromol Symp., 99, 257 (1995).
51 S. Kumaresan and P. Kannan, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 41, 3188 (2003).   DOI   ScienceOn
52 S.- Y. Jeong and Y.- D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 32, 489 (2008).   과학기술학회마을
53 C. Noel. Handbook of Liquid Crystals, D. Demus, J. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, and V. Vill, Editors, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim-New York, Vol 3, Chap. II, p 93 (1998).
54 J. W. Y. Lam and B. Z. Tang, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 41, 2607 (2003).   DOI   ScienceOn
55 P. Zugenmair, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, D. Demus, J. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H. W. Spiess, and V. Vill, Editors, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim New York, Vol 3, Chap. IX, p 453 (1998).
56 S. Kurihara, K. Iwamoto, and T. Nonaka, Polymer, 39, 3565 (1998).   DOI   ScienceOn
57 S. Kurihara, K. Iwamoto, and T. Nonaka, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 2195 (1995).
58 L. Brehmer, Polymer Sensors and Actuators, Y. Osada and D. De Rossi, Editors. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Chap 2, p 15 (2002).
59 S.-Y. Jeong and Y.-D. Ma, Polymer(Korea), 32, 169 (2008).   과학기술학회마을
60 J.-H. Kim, S.-Y. Jeong, and Y.-D. Ma, Industrial Technology Research Paper(Dankook University), 7, 75 (2006).
61 S.-Y. Jeong, J.-H. Jeong, Y.-D. Ma, and Y. Tsujii, Polymer(Korea). 25, 279 (2001).
62 K. Shimamura, J. L. White, and J. F. Fellors, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 26, 2615 (1981).
63 B. Huang, J. J. Ge, Y. Li, and H. Hou, Polymer, 48, 264 (2007).   DOI   ScienceOn
64 H. Hou, A. Reuning, J. H. Wendroff, and A. Greiner, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 201, 2050 (2000).   DOI   ScienceOn