Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/bme.2019.4.1.021

Hydroxyapatite prepared from eggshell and mulberry leaf extract by precipitation method  

Wu, Shih-Ching (Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology)
Hsu, Hsueh-Chuan (Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology)
Hsu, Shih-Kuang (Department of Dental Technology and Materials Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology)
Liu, Mei-Yi (Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung)
Ho, Wen-Fu (Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung)
Publication Information
Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering / v.4, no.1, 2019 , pp. 21-32 More about this Journal
Abstract
Eggshell is a waste material after the usage of egg. In this work, biowaste chicken eggshells were used for preparing carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles of high purity through aqueous precipitation method at room temperature. The eggshell-derived HA will be a cost-effective bioceramics for biomedical applications and an effective material-recycling technology. Additionally, mulberry leaf extract was used as a template to regulate the morphology, size and crystallinity of HA, and the effects of pH value were also examined. Characterization of the samples was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the size, shape and morphology of HA. The results indicate that only one phase of HA were synthesized in the both absence and presence of mulberry leaf extract at pH of 7 and above, while DCPD or DCPA/DCPD phase was observed at pH 4 condition. The crystallite sizes of the HA samples obviously decreased when adding mulberry leaf extract as a template, while they decreased gradually as the solution pH levels increased. With increasing pH level from 7 to 14, the rod-like HA nanoparticles gradually changed to spherical shape at pH 14. Note that, the obtained product is Mg and Sr containing A- and B-type carbonate HA at alkaline pH and it can be a potential material for biomedical applications.
Keywords
eggshell; mulberry leaf extract; hydroxyapatite; precipitation method; pH value;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Landi, E., Tampieri, A., Celotti, G. and Sprio, S. (2000), "Densification behavior and mechanisms of synthetic hydroxyapatites", J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 20(14-15), 2377-2387.   DOI
2 Li, Z.Y., Lam, W.M., Yang, C., Xu, B., Ni, G.X., Abbah, S.A., Cheung, K.M.C., Luk, K.D.K. and Lu, W.W. (2007), "Chemical composition, crystal size and lattice structural changes after incorporation of strontium into biomimetic apatite", Biomater., 28(7), 1452-1460.   DOI
3 Liu, D., Troczynski, T. and Tseng, W.J. (2001), "Water-based sol-gel synthesis of hydroxyapatite: Process development", Biomater., 22(13), 1721-1730.   DOI
4 Liu, J., Ye, X., Wang, H., Zhu, M., Wang, B. and Yan, H. (2003), "The influence of pH and temperature on the morphology of hydroxyapatite synthesized by hydrothermal method", Ceram. Int., 29(6), 629-633.   DOI
5 Matsuura, A., Kubo, T., Doi, K., Hayashi, K., Morita, K., Yokota, R., Hayashi, H., Hirata, I., Okazaki, M. and Akagawa, Y. (2009), "Bone formation ability of carbonate apatite-collagen scaffolds with different carbonate contents", Dent. Mater. J., 28(2), 234-242.   DOI
6 Mollazadeh, S., Javadpour, J. and Khavandi, A. (2007), "In situ synthesis and characterization of nano-size hydroxyapatite in poly (vinyl alcohol) matrix", Ceram. Int., 33(8), 1579-1583.   DOI
7 Neira, I.S., Kolen'ko, Y.V., Lebedev, O.I., Van Tendeloo, G., Gupta, H.S., Guitian, F. and Yoshimura, M. (2009), "An effective morphology control of hydroxyapatite crystals via hydrothermal synthesis", Cryst. Grow. Des., 9(1), 466-474.   DOI
8 Rude, R.K., Singer, F.R. and Gruber, H.E. (2009), "Skeletal and hormonal effects of magnesium deficiency", J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 28(2), 131-141.   DOI
9 Sadat-Shojai, M., Khorasani, M.T. and Jamshidi, A. (2012), "Hydrothermal processing of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles-a Taguchi experimental design approach", J. Cryst. Grow., 361, 73-84.   DOI
10 Afshar, A., Ghorbani, M., Ehsani, N., Saeri, M.R. and Sorrell, C.C. (2003), "Some important factors in the wet precipitation process of hydroxyapatite", Mater. Des., 24(3), 197-202.   DOI
11 Baskar, D., Balu, R. and Kumar, T.S.S. (2011), "Mineralization of pristine chitosan film through biomimetic process", Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 49(3), 385-389.   DOI
12 Cox, S.C., Jamshidi, P., Grover, L.M. and Mallick, K.K. (2014), "Low temperature aqueous precipitation of needle-like nanophase hydroxyapatite", J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 25(1), 37-46.   DOI
13 Best, S.M., Porter, A.E., Thian, E.S. and Huang, J. (2008), "Bioceramics: Past, present and for the future", J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 28(7), 1319-1327.   DOI
14 Bohner, M. (2000), "Calcium orthophosphates in medicine: From ceramics to calcium phosphate cements", Injur., 31, D37-D47.   DOI
15 Boutinguiza, M., Pou, J., Comesana, R., Lusquinos, F., De Carlos, A. and Leon, B. (2012), "Biological hydroxyapatite obtained from fish bones", Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 32(3), 478-486.   DOI
16 Dahl, S.G., Allain, P., Marie, P.J., Mauras, Y., Boivin, G., Ammann, P., Tsouderos, Y., Delmas, P.D. and Christiansen, C. (2001), "Incorporation and distribution of strontium in bone", Bone, 28(4), 446-453.   DOI
17 Deng, Y., Sun, Y., Chen, X., Zhu, P. and Wei, S. (2013), "Biomimetic synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation of carbonated apatites template-mediated by heparin", Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 33(5), 2905-2913.   DOI
18 Dorozhkin, S.V. and Epple, M. (2002), "Biological and medical significance of calcium phosphates", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 41(17), 3130-3146.   DOI
19 Fathia, M.H., Hanifia, A. and Mortazavi, V. (2008), "Preparation and bioactivity evaluation of bone-like hydroxyapatite nanopowder", J. Mater. Proc. Technol., 202(1-3), 536-542.   DOI
20 Girija, E.K., Suresh Kumar, G., Thamizhavel, A., Yokogawa, Y. and Narayana Kalkura, S. (2012), "Role of material processing on the thermal stability and sinterability of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite", Powd. Technol., 225, 190-195.   DOI
21 Ho, W.F., Hsu, H.C., Hsu, S.K., Hung, C.W. and Wu, S.C. (2013), "Calcium phosphate bioceramics synthesized from eggshell powders through a solid state reaction", Ceram. Inter., 39(6), 6467-6473.   DOI
22 Goller, G., Oktar, F.N., Agathopoulos, S., Tulyaganov, D.U., Ferreira, J.M.F., Kayali, E.S. and Peker, I. (2005), "The influence of sintering temperature on mechanical and microstructural properties of bovine hydroxyapatite", Key Eng. Mater., 284, 325-328.   DOI
23 Habib, F., Alam, S., Zahra, N., Irfan, M. and Iqbal, W. (2012), "Synthesis route and characterization of hydroxyapatite powder prepared from waste egg shells", J. Chem. Soc. Pakist., 34(3), 584-588.
24 Han, Y., Xu, K., Montay, G., Fu, T. and Lu, J. (2002), "Evaluation of nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite coatings formed by a hybrid process of plasma spraying and hydrothermal synthesis", J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 60(4), 511-516.   DOI
25 Ivanova, T.I., Frank-Kamenetskaya, O.V., Kol'tsov, A.B. and Ugolkov, V.L. (2001), "Crystal structure of calcium-deficient carbonated hydroxyapatite: thermal decomposition", J. Sol. State Chem., 160(2), 340-349.   DOI
26 Kamalanathan, P., Ramesh, S., Bang, L.T., Niakan, A., Tan, C.Y., Purbolaksono, J., Chandran, H. and Teng, W.D. (2014), "Synthesis and sintering of hydroxyapatite derived from eggshells as a calcium precursor", Ceram. Inter., 40(10), 16349-16359.   DOI
27 Kim, H.M., Kim, Y., Park, S.J., Rey, C., Lee, H.M., Gimcher, M.J. and Ko, J.S. (2000), "Thin film of lowcrystalline calcium phosphate apatite formed at low temperature", Biomater., 21(11), 1129-1134.   DOI
28 Krishna, D.S.R., Siddharthan, A., Seshadri, S.K. and Kumar, T.S.S. (2007), "A novel route for synthesis of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite from eggshell waste", J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., 18(9), 1735-1743.   DOI
29 Siddharthan, A., Kumar, T.S. and Seshadri, S.K. (2009), "Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline apatites from eggshells at different Ca/P ratios", Biomed. Mater., 4(4), 045010.   DOI
30 Sadjadi, M.S., Meskinfam, M., Sadeghi, B., Jazdarreh, H. and Zare, K. (2010), "In situ biomimetic synthesis, characterization and in vitro investigation of bone-like nanohydroxyapatite in starch matrix", Mater. Chem. Phys., 124(1), 217-222.   DOI
31 Sivakumar, G.R., Girija, E.K., Narayanakalkura, S. and Subramanian, C. (1998), "Crystallization and characterization of calcium phosphates: Brushite and monetite", Cryst. Res. Technol., 33(2), 197-205.   DOI
32 Son, K.D. and Kim, Y.J. (2013), "Morphological structure and characteristics of hydroxyapatite/$\beta$-cyclodextrin composite nanoparticles synthesized at different conditions", Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 33(1), 499-506.   DOI
33 Tadic, D., Peters, F. and Epple, M. (2002), "Continuous synthesis of amorphous apatites", Biomater., 23(12), 2553-2559.   DOI
34 Tas, A.C. (2000), "Synthesis of biomimetic Ca-hydroxyapatite powders at $37^{\circ}C$ in synthetic body fluids", Biomater., 21(14), 1429-1438.   DOI
35 Van Kemenade, M.J.J.M. and De Bruyn, P.L. (1987), "A kinetic study of precipitation from supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions", J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 118(2), 564-585.   DOI
36 Vega, E.D., Pedregosa, J.C., Narda, G.E. and Morando, P.J. (2003), "Removal of oxovanadium (IV) from aqueous solutions by using commercial crystalline calcium hydroxyapatite", Water Res., 37(8), 1776-1782.   DOI
37 Wu, S.C., Tsou, H.K., Hsu, H.C., Hsu, S.K., Liou, S.P. and Ho, W.F. (2013), "A hydrothermal synthesis of eggshell and fruit waste extract to produce nanosized hydroxyapatite", Ceram. Inter., 39(7), 8183-8188.   DOI
38 Wang, P., Li, C., Gong, H., Jiang, X., Wang, H. and Li, K. (2010), "Effects of synthesis conditions on the morphology of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles produced by wet chemical process", Powd. Technol., 203(2), 315-321.   DOI
39 Wang, P., Yook, S.W., Jun, S.H., Li, Y.L., Kim, M., Kim, H.E. and Koh, Y.H. (2009), "Synthesis of nanoporous calcium phosphate spheres using poly (acrylic acid) as a structuring unit", Mater. Lett., 63(13-14), 1207-1209.   DOI
40 Wu, S.C., Hsu, H.C., Wu, Y.N. and Ho, W.F. (2011), "Hydroxyapatite synthesized from oyster shell powders by ball milling and heat treatment", Mater. Character., 62(12), 1180-1187.   DOI
41 Xiao, X.F., Liu, R.F. and Gao, Y.J. (2008), "Hydrothermal preparation of nanocarbonated hydroxyapatite crystallites", Mater. Sci. Technol., 24(10), 1199-1203.   DOI
42 Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Ji, X., Banks, C.E. and Song, J. (2011), "Flower-like agglomerates of hydroxyapatite crystals formed on an egg-shell membrane", Colloids Surf. B, 82(2), 490-496.   DOI