Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/TEEM.2004.5.6.227

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Nanomemory Element Based on Boron Nitride Nanotube-to-peapod Transition  

Hwang Ho Jung (Nano Electronics and Future Technology Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering)
Kang Jeong Won (Nano Electronics and Future Technology Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering)
Byun Ki Ryang (Nano Electronics and Future Technology Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering)
Publication Information
Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials / v.5, no.6, 2004 , pp. 227-232 More about this Journal
Abstract
We investigated a nonvolatile nanomemory element based on boron nitride nanopeapods using molecular dynamics simulations. The studied system was composed of two boron-nitride nanotubes filled Cu electrodes and fully ionized endo-fullerenes. The two boron-nitride nanotubes were placed face to face and the endo-fullerenes came and went between the two boron-nitride nanotubes under alternatively applied force fields. Since the endo-fullerenes encapsulated in the boron-nitride nanotubes hardly escape from the boron-nitride nanotubes, the studied system can be considered to be a nonvolatile memory device. The minimum potential energies of the memory element were found near the fullerenes attached copper electrodes and the activation energy barrier was $3{\cdot}579 eV$. Several switching processes were investigated for external force fields using molecular dynamics simulations. The bit flips were achieved from the external force field of above $3.579 eV/{\AA}$.
Keywords
Bucky shuttle memory device; Fullerene; Molecular dynamics simulation; Boron-nitride peapod; Boron-nitride nanotube; Nano nonvolatile memory;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 S. Okada, S. Saito, and A. Oshiyam, 'Semiconducting form of the first-row elements: C$_60$ chain encapsulated in BN nanotubes', Phys. Rev. B., vol. 64, No. 20, p. 201303, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
2 R. E. Barajas-Barraza and R. A. Guirado-Lopez, 'Clustering of H$_2$ molecules encapsulated in fullerene structures', Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 66, No. 15, p. 155426, 2002   DOI   ScienceOn
3 L. A. Girifalco and M. Hodak, 'Van der waals binding energies in graphitic structures', Phys. Rev. B., Vol. 65, No. 12, p. 125404, 2002
4 B. I. Yakobson and R. E. Smalley, 'Fullerene nanotubes: C$_1,000,000$ and beyond', Am. Sci., Vol. 85, p. 324, 1997
5 X. Blase, A. Rubio, S. G. Louie, and M. L. Cohen, 'Stability and band gap constancy of boron-nitride nanotubes', Europhys. Lett., Vol. 28, No. 5, p. 335, 1994   DOI   ScienceOn
6 J. Cioslowski and E. D. Fleischmann, 'Endohedral complexes: Atoms and ions inside the C$_60$ cage', J. Chem. Phys., Vol. 94, No. 5, p. 3730, 1991   DOI
7 A. Groisman, M. Enzelberger, and S. R. Quake, 'Microfluidic memory and control devices', Science, Vol. 300, No. 5621, p. 955, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
8 K. Albe and W. Moller, 'Modelling of boron nitride: Atomic scale simulations on thin film growth', Comp. Mater. Sci., Vol. 10, No. 1-4, p. 111, 1998   DOI   ScienceOn
9 M. Hodak and L. A. Girifalco, 'Ordered phases of fullerene molecules formed inside carbon nanotubes', Phys. Rev. B., Vol. 67, No. 7, p. 075419, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
10 S. Dorfman, K. C. Mundim, D. Fuks, A. Berner, D. E. Ellis, and J. V. Humbeeck, 'Atomistic study of interaction zone at copper-carbon interfaces', Mat. Sci. Eng. c., Vol. 15, No. 1-2, p. 191, 2001   DOI   ScienceOn
11 W. Y. Choi, J. W. Kang, and H. J. Hwang, 'Structures of ultrathin copper nanowires encapsulated in carbon nanotubes', Phys. Rev. B., Vol. 68, No. 19, p. 193405, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
12 J. Tersoff, 'Empirical interatomic potential for silicon with improved elastic properties', Phys. Rev. B., Vol. 38, No. 14, p. 9902, 1988   DOI   ScienceOn
13 B. W. Smith, M. Monthioux, and D. E. Luzzi, 'Encapsulated C$_60$ in carbon nanotubes', Nature, Vol. 396, No. 6709, p. 323, 1998
14 K. Hirahara, K. Suenaga, S. Bandow, H. Kato, T. Okazaki, H. Shinohara, and S. Iijima, 'Onedimensional metallofullerene crystal generated inside single-walled carbon nanotubes', Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 85, No. 25, p. 5384, 2000   DOI   ScienceOn
15 B. Burteaux, A. Claye, B. W. Smith, M. Monthioux, D. E. Luzzi, and J. E. Fischer, 'Abundance of encapsulated C$_60$ in single-wall carbon nanotubes', Chem. Phys. Lett., Vol. 310, No. 1-2, p. 21, 1999   DOI   ScienceOn
16 B. W. Smith, M. Monthioux, and D. E. Luzzi, 'Carbon nanotube encapsulated fullerenes: a unique class of hybrid materials', Chern. Phys. Lett., Vol. 315, No. 1-2, p. 31, 1999   DOI   ScienceOn
17 B. W. Smith and D. E. Luzzi, 'Formation mechanism of fullerene peapods and coaxial tubes: a path to large scale synthesis', Chem. Phys. Lett., Vol. 321, No. 1-2, p. 169, 2000   DOI   ScienceOn
18 J. Sloan, R. E. Dunin-Borkowski, J. L. Hutchison, K. S. Coleman, V. C. Williams, J. B. Claridge, A. P. E. Yorka, C. Xu, S. R. Bailey, G. Brown, S. Friedrichs, and M. K. H. Green, 'The size distribution, imaging and obstructing properties of C$_60$ and higher fullerenes formed within arc-grown single walled carbon nanotubes', Chem. Phys. Lett., Vol. 316, No. 3-4, p. 191, 2000   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Y. K. Kwon, D. Tomanek, and S. Iijima, ''Bucky shuttle' memory device: Synthetic approach and molecular dynamics simulations', Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 82, No. 7, p. 1470, 1999   DOI   ScienceOn
20 R. F. Service, 'Nanotube 'Peapods' show electrifying promise', Science, Vol. 292, No. 5514, p. 45, 2001   DOI   ScienceOn
21 W. Mickelson, S. Aloni, W-Q Han, J. Cumings, and A. Zettl, 'Packing C$_60$ in boron nitride nanotubes', Science, Vol. 300, No. 5618, p. 467, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
22 D. Goldberg, F. -F. Xu and Y. Bando, 'Filling boron nitride nanotubes with metals', Appl. Phys. A., Vol. 76, No. 4, p. 479, 2003   DOI
23 J. Zhao, A. Buldum, J. Han, and J. P. Lu, 'Gas molecule adsorption in carbon nanotubes and nanotube bundles', Nanotechnology, Vol. 13, No. 2, p. 195, 2002   DOI   ScienceOn
24 S. Iijima, 'Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon', Nature, Vol. 354, No. 6348, p. 56, 1991   DOI
25 M. S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, and P. C. Eklund, 'Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes', Academic Press, 1996