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http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/IEIESPC.2016.5.1.35

Modelling a Stand-Alone Inverter and Comparing the Power Quality of the National Grid with Off-Grid System  

Algaddafi, Ali (Institute of Energy and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University)
Brown, Neil (Institute of Energy and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University)
Rupert, Gammon (Institute of Energy and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University)
Al-Shahrani, Jubran (Institute of Energy and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University)
Publication Information
IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing / v.5, no.1, 2016 , pp. 35-42 More about this Journal
Abstract
Developments in power electronics have enabled the widespread application of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) inverters, notably for connecting renewable systems to the grid. This study demonstrates that a high-quality power can be achieved using a stand-alone inverter, whereby the comparison between the power quality of the stand-alone inverter with battery storage (off-grid) and the power quality of the utility network is presented. Multi-loop control techniques for a single phase stand-alone inverter are used. A capacitor current control is used to give active damping and enhance the transient and steady state inverter performance. A capacitor current control is cheaper than the inductor current control, where a small current sensing resistor is used. The output voltage control is used to improve the system performance and also control the output voltage. The inner control loop uses a proportional gain current controller and the outer loop is implemented using internal model control proportional-integral-derivative to ensure stability. The optimal controls are achieved by using the Sisotool tool in MATLAB/Simulink. The outcome of the control scheme of the numerical model of the stand-alone inverter has a smooth and good dynamic performance, but also a strong robustness to load variations. The numerical model of the stand-alone inverter and its power quality are presented, and the power quality is shown to meet the IEEE 519-2014. Furthermore, the power quality of the off-grid system is measured experimentally and compared with the grid power, showing power quality of off-grid system to be better than that of the utility network.
Keywords
Internal model control-proportional-integral.derivate controller (IMC-PID); Renewable energy system (RES); Stand-alone inverter; Total harmonic distortion (THD);
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