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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009

Protective Measures From Solar Ultraviolet Radiation for Beach Lifeguards in Tuscany (Italy): Shade and Clothing Strategies  

Daniele Grifoni (CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council)
Giulio Betti (CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council)
Andrea Bogi (Physical Agents Sector, Regional Public Health Laboratory)
Lucia Bramanti (AUSL North West Tuscany, Hygiene and Health at Work Unit, Prevention Department)
Alessandra Chiarugi (Screening and Secondary Prevention Unit, Institut for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO))
Bernardo Gozzini (CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council)
Marco Morabito (CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council)
Francesco Picciolo (Department of Physic, University of Siena)
Francesco Sabatini (CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council)
Lucia Miligi (Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Branch - Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO))
Publication Information
Safety and Health at Work / v.13, no.4, 2022 , pp. 421-428 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: The exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation is a significant risk factor generally underestimated by outdoor workers and employers. Several studies have pointed out that occupational solar exposure increased eye and skin diseases with a considerable impact on the lives and productivity of affected workers. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness against ultraviolet radiation of some measures recently undertaken for the protection of lifeguards in a coastal area of Tuscany. Methods: Different shading structures (gazebos and beach umbrella) were tested during a sunny summer's day on a sandy beach by means of two radiometers; the UV protection offered by some T-shirts used by lifeguards was also tested in the laboratory with a spectrophotometer. Results: The analysed shading structures strongly reduced the ultraviolet radiation by up to 90%, however a not always negligible diffuse radiation is also present in the shade, requiring further protective measures (T-shirt, sunglasses, sunscreen, etc.); the tested T-shirts showed a very good-excellent protection according to the Australian/New Zealand standard. Conclusion: Results obtained in this study suggest how the adoption and dissemination of good practices, including those tested, could be particularly effective as a primary prevention for lifeguards who are subjected to very high levels of radiation for long periods.
Keywords
Beach; Lifeguard; Outdoor workers; Shade; UPF;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
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