Working in a Risky Environment: Coping and Risk Handling Strategies Among Small-scale Miners in Ghana |
Wireko-Gyebi, Rejoice Selorm
(Department of Planning and Sustainability, University of Energy and Natural Resources)
Arhin, Albert Abraham (Bureau of Integrated Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology) Braimah, Imoro (Department of Planning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology) King, Rudith Sylvana (Centre for Settlement Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology) Lykke, Anne Mette (Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University) |
1 | Seccatore J, Veiga M, Origliasso C, Marin T, De Tomi G. An estimation of the artisanal small-scale production of gold in the world. Science of the Total Environment 2014;496:662-7. DOI |
2 | Gibb H, O'Leary KG. Mercury exposure and health impacts among individuals in the artisanal and small-scale gold mining community: a comprehensive review. Environmental Health Perspectives 2014;122(7):667-72. DOI |
3 | Bryceson DF, Jonsson JB. Gold digging careers in rural East Africa: small-scale miners' livelihood choices. World Development 2010;38(3):379-92. DOI |
4 | Hilson G, Garforth C. Agricultural poverty' and the expansion of artisanal mining in sub-saharan Africa: experiences from southwest Mali and southeast Ghana. Population Research and Policy Review 2012;31:435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-012-9229-6. DOI |
5 | Tschakert P, Singha K. Contaminated identities : mercury and marginalization in Ghana ' s artisanal mining sector. Geoforum 2007;38:1304-21. DOI |
6 | Hilson G, Maconachie R. Artisanal and small-scale mining and the sustainable development goals: opportunities and new directions for sub-saharan Africa. Geoforum 2020;111:125-41. DOI |
7 | International Labour Office. ILO. Social and labour issues in small-scale mines; 1999. Geneva; 1999. |
8 | Elgstrand K, Vingard E. Occupational safety and health in mining. Arbets-och miljomedicin, Goteborgs universitet; 2013. |
9 | Nakua EK, Owusu-Dabo E, Newton S, Koranteng A, Otupiri E, Donkor P, Mock C. Injury rate and risk factors among small-scale gold miners in Ghana. BMC Public Health 2019;19(1):1-8. DOI |
10 | Chakravorty S. Artisanal and small scale mining in India. Mines, minerals and sustainable development No 68. London: International Institute for Environment and Development; 2001. |
11 | Poulin J, Gibb H, Pruss-Ustun A, Organization WH. Mercury: assessing the environmental burden of disease at national and local levels; 2008. |
12 | United Nations. Transforming our World: the 2020 agenda for sustainable development. New York, NY, USA: United Nations General Assembly; 2015. |
13 | Komljenovic D, Loiselle G, Kumral M. Organization: a new focus on mine safety improvement in a complex operational and business environment. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017;27:617-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2020.05.007. DOI |
14 | World Health Organisation. Tramadol update review report: expert committee on drug dependence; 16-20 June 2014. Geneva; 2014. |
15 | Elenge MM, De Brouwer C. Identification of hazards in the workplaces of artisanal mining in Katanga. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 2011;24(1):57-66. DOI |
16 | Bansah KJ, Yalley AB, Dumakor-Dupey N. The hazardous nature of small scale underground mining in Ghana. Journal of Sustainable Mining 2016;15(1):8-25. DOI |
17 | Utembe EF, Matatiele P, Gulumian M. Hazards identified and the need for health risk assessment in the South African mining industry. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0960327115600370 2015;2015. |
18 | Leveson NG. Applying system thinking to analyze and learn from events. Safety Science 2011;49:55-64. DOI |
19 | Armah FA, Kuitunen M, Luginaah I, Mkandawire P. Non occupational health risk assessment from exposure to chemical contaminants in the gold mining environment of Tarkwa, Ghana. Trends in Applied Sciences Research 2012;7(3):181. DOI |
20 | Obiri S, Dodoo D, Essumang D, Armah F. Cancer and non-cancer risk assessment from exposure to arsenic, copper, and cadmium in borehole, tap, and surface water in the Obuasi municipality, Ghana. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 2010;16(3):651-65. DOI |
21 | U.S.E.P.A. Health effects of exposures to mercury. Available from:: https://www.epa.gov/mercury/health-effects-exposures-mercury. |
22 | Brocal F, Gonzalez-Gaya C, Komljenovic D, Katina PD, Sebastian MA. Emerging risk management in Industry 4.0: an approach to improve organizational and human performance in the complex systems. Complexity 2019;29. |
23 | Gorkeh-Miah J. The use of personal protective equipment and the occurrence of respiratory diseases. A case study of small-scale miners in tarkwa-nsuaem municipality. University of Ghana; 2008. |
24 | Bratveit M, Moen BE, Mashalla YJ, Maalim H. Dust exposure during small-scale mining in Tanzania: a pilot study. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2003;47(3):235-40. DOI |
25 | van den Boom GJ, Nsowah-Nuamah NN, Overbosch GB. Health-care provision & self-medication in Ghana. The economy of Ghana: analytical perspectives on stability, growth and poverty. Boydell and Brewer Ltd; 2010. p. 392-416. |
26 | Gratz T. Gold-mining and risk management: a case study from Northern Benin. Ethnos 2003;68(2):192-208. DOI |
27 | Baah-Ennumh TY. Sustaining livelihoods in artisanal small-scale mining communities in the Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality; 2012. |
28 | Opoku-Antwi GL. Three essays on small-scale gold mining operations in Ghana: an integrated approach to benefit-cost analysis. Ghana: A doctoral thesis submitted to the Department Economics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. 2015 [Available from: https://www.connectingafrica.net/query_2.php?rid=B00079759. |
29 | Tomicic C, Vernez D, Belem T, Berode M. Human mercury exposure associated with small-scale gold mining in Burkina Faso. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2011;84(5):539-46. DOI |
30 | Werner MA, Attfield MD. Effect of different grouping strategies in developing estimates of personal exposures: specificity versus precision. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2000;15(1):21-5. DOI |
31 | Garrun D. Protecting the mental health of miners: are current initiatives enough? 2013 [Available from: https://www.mining-technology.com/features/feature-protecting-mental-health-of-miners-current-initiatives/. |
32 | Veiga M, Baker R. Global mercury project. Protocols for environmental and health assessment of mercury released by artisanal and small-scale gold miners; 2004. |