Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2021.09.003

Impact of Long Working Hours and Shift Work on Unmet Health Care Need Among Korean Workers  

Lee, Hye-Eun (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine)
Rhie, Jeongbae (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
Safety and Health at Work / v.13, no.1, 2022 , pp. 17-22 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to identify work-related risk factors, including long working hours and night/shift work, for unmet health care need using data of a representative panel of Korean adults. Methods: Associations between work-related factors and unmet health care need were analyzed using data of 3,440 participants (10,320 observations) from the 2011-2013 Korean Health Panel Study. A generalized estimating equation was used for the analysis of repeated measures. Results: The prevalence of unmet health care was 16.6%. After adjusting sex, age, socioeconomic status, work characteristics, and working more than 60 hours per week (odds ratio [OR]: 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-1.65) or 50-59 hours per week (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.46) instead of 40-49 hours per week and night/shift work (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06-1.51) were associated with unmet health care need. Conclusion: Long working hours and night/shift work are risk factors for unmet health care need among the Korean working population.
Keywords
Korea health panel; Long working hours; Night work; Shift work; Unmet health care need;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Jung B, Ha IH. Determining the reasons for unmet healthcare needs in South Korea: a secondary data analysis. Health Qual Life Outcome 2021;19(1):99.   DOI
2 van der Hulst M. Long workhours and health. Scand J Work Environ Health 2003;29(3):171-88.   DOI
3 Ministry of Gender Equality and Family Republic of Korea. National survey on family in Korea 2015 [Internet]; 2016 [Cited 2019 Oct 24]. Available from: http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=154&tblId=DT_MOGE_1510000990&vw_cd=MT_ZTITLE&list_id=154_15401_2015&seqNo=&lang_mode=ko&language=kor&obj_var_id=&itm_id=&conn_path=E1#.
4 Heo J, Oh J, Kim J, Lee M, Lee JS, Kwon S, Subramanian SV, Kawachi I. Poverty in the midst of plenty: unmet needs and distribution of health care resources in South Korea. PLos One 2012;7(11):e51004.   DOI
5 Park S, Kim B, Kim S. Poverty and working status in changes of unmet health care need in old age. Health Policy 2016;120(6):638-45.   DOI
6 Yao X, Dembe AE, Wickizer T, Lu B. Does time pressure create barriers for people to receive preventive health services? Prev Med 2015;74:55-8.   DOI
7 Foster M. What are equivalence scales [Internet]; 2009 [Cited 2019 Oct 24]. Available from: https://www.oecd.org/eco/growth/OECD-Note-EquivalenceScales.pdf.
8 Lee SE, Yeon M, Kim CW, Yoon TH. The association among individual and contextual factors and unmet healthcare needs in South Korea: a multilevel study using national data. J Prev Med Public Health 2016;49(5):308-22.   DOI
9 Ahs A, Burell G, Westerling R. Care or not care-that is the question: predictors of healthcare utilisation in relation to employment status. Int J Behav Med 2012;19(1):29-38.   DOI
10 Soek H, Won JU, Lee TI, Kim YK, Lee W, Lee JH, Roh J, Yoon JH. A dose-response relationship between long working hours and unmet need for access to hospital facilities. Scand J Work Environ Health 2016;42(2):135-43.   DOI
11 Nabe-Nielsen K, Quist HG, Garde AH, Aust B. Shiftwork and changes in health behaviors. J Occup Environ Med 2011;53(12):1413-7.   DOI
12 Sato K, Yamazaki S, Hayashino Y, Takegami M, Tokuda Y, Takahashi O, Shimbo T, Hinohara S, Fukui T, Fukuhara S. Associations between hours worked, symptoms and health resource utilization among full-time male Japanese workers. J Occup Health 2011;53(3):197-204.   DOI
13 Boggild H, Knutsson A. Shift work, risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Scand J Work Environ Health 1999;25(2):85-99.   DOI
14 Kim L, Kim JA, Kim S. A guide for the utilization of health insurance review and assessment service national patient samples. Epidemiol Health 2014;36:e2014008.
15 Ha R, Jung-Choi K, Kim CY. Employment status and self-reported unmet healthcare needs among South Korean employees. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018;16(1).
16 Mohebbi I, Shateri K, Seyedmohammadzad M. The relationship between working schedule patterns and the markers of the metabolic syndrome: comparison of shift workers with day workers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2012;25(4):383-91.   DOI
17 Driesen K, Jansen NW, van Amelsvoort LG, Kant I. The mutual relationship between shift work and depressive complaints-a prospective cohort study. Scand J Work Environ Health 2011;37(5):402-10.   DOI
18 Kim I, Kim H, Lim S, Lee M, Bahk J, June KJ, Kim S, Chang WJ. Working hours and depressive symptomatology among full-time employees: results from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2009). Scand J Work Environ Health 2013.
19 Wagstaff AS, Sigstad Lie JA. Shift and night work and long working hours-a systematic review of safety implications. Scand J Work Environ Health 2011;37(3):173-85.   DOI
20 Diamant AL, Hays RD, Morales LS, Ford W, Calmes D, Asch S, Duan N, Fielder E, Kim S, Fielding J, Sumner G, Shapiro MF, Hayes-Bautista D, Gelberg L. Delays and unmet need for health care among adult primary care patients in a restructured urban public health system. Am J Public Health 2004;94(5):783-9.   DOI
21 Fell DB, Kephart G, Curtis LJ, Bower K, Muhajarine N, Reid R, Roos L. The relationship between work hours and utilization of general practitioners in four Canadian provinces. Health Serv Res 2007;42(4):1483-98.   DOI
22 Alonso J, Orfila F, Ruigomez A, Ferrer M, Anto JM. Unmet health care needs and mortality among Spanish elderly. Am J Public Health 1997;87(3):365-70.   DOI
23 Ahn YH, Kim NH, Kim CB, Ham OK. Factors affecting unmet healthcare needs of older people in Korea. Int Nurs Rev 2013;60(4):510-9.   DOI
24 Lee SY, Kim CW, Kang JH, Seo NK. Unmet healthcare needs depending on employment status. Health Policy 2015;119(7):899-906.   DOI
25 Kobayashi T, Suzuki E, Takao S, Doi H. Long working hours and metabolic syndrome among Japanese men: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2012;12:395.   DOI
26 Park J, Kwon OJ, Kim Y. Long working hours in Korea: results of the 2010 working conditions survey. Ind Health 2012;50(5):458-62.   DOI
27 Kivimaki M, Jokela M, Nyberg ST, Singh-Manoux A, Fransson EI, Alfredsson L, Bjorner JB, Borritz M, Burr H, Casini A, Clays E, De Bacquer D, Dragano N, Erbel R, Geuskens GA, Hamer M, Hooftman WE, Houtman IL, Jockel KH, Kittel F, Knutsson A, Koskenvuo M, Lunau T, Madsen IE, Nielsen ML, Nordin M, Oksanen T, Pejtersen JH, Pentti J, Rugulies R, Salo P, Shipley MJ, Siegrist J, Steptoe A, Suominen SB, Theorell T, Vahtera J, Westerholm PJ, Westerlund H, O'Reilly D, Kumari M, Batty GD, Ferrie JE, Virtanen M. Long working hours and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data for 603,838 individuals. Lancet 2015;386(10005):1739-46.   DOI
28 OECD. Average annual working time [Internet]; 2019 [Cited 2019 Oct 24] Available from: http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=ANHRS.
29 Park J, Lee N. First Korean working conditions survey: a comparison between South Korea and EU countries. Ind Health 2009;47(1):50-4.   DOI
30 Virtanen M, Heikkila K, Jokela M, Ferrie JE, Batty GD, Vahtera J, Kivimaki M. Long working hours and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 2012;176(7):586-96.   DOI
31 Ju YJ, Kim TH, Han KT, Lee HJ, Kim W, Ah Lee S, Park EC. Association between unmet healthcare needs and health-related quality of life: a longitudinal study. Eur J Public Health 2017.
32 Virtanen M, Ferrie JE, Singh-Manoux A, Shipley MJ, Stansfeld SA, Marmot MG, Ahola K, Vahtera J, Kivimaki M. Long working hours and symptoms of anxiety and depression: a 5-year follow-up of the Whitehall II study. Psychol Med 2011:1-10.
33 Virtanen M, Ferrie JE, Gimeno D, Vahtera J, Elovainio M, Singh-Manoux A, Marmot MG, Kivimaki M. Long working hours and sleep disturbances: the Whitehall II prospective cohort study. Sleep 2009;32(6):737-45.   DOI
34 Reinhardt UE, Cheng T-m. The world health report 2000-Health systems: improving performance. Bull World Health Organ 2000;78(8):1064.
35 Kim J, Kim TH, Park EC, Cho WH. Factors influencing unmet need for health care services in Korea. Asia Pac J Public Health 2015;27(2):Np2555-69.   DOI
36 Shin Y, Shon J. The prevalence and association factors of unmet medical need-using the 1st and 2nd Korea welfare panel data. Health Soc Welf Rev 2009;29(1):111-42.
37 Knutsson A, Boggild H. Gastrointestinal disorders among shift workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 2010;36(2):85-95.   DOI
38 Hu S, Kim M, Lee S, Kim S. Policy options to tackle unmet health needs. Sejong (Korea): The Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs; 2009.
39 Puttonen S, Harma M, Hublin C. Shift work and cardiovascular disease - pathways from circadian stress to morbidity. Scand J Work Environ Health 2010;36(2):96-108.   DOI