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http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e84

An outbreak of neonatal enteritis in buffalo calves associated with astrovirus  

Capozza, Paolo (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Martella, Vito (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Lanave, Gianvito (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Catella, Cristiana (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Diakoudi, Georgia (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Beikpour, Farzad (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Camero, Michele (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Martino, Barbara Di (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo)
Fusco, Giovanna (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno)
Balestrieri, Anna (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno)
Campanile, Giuseppe (Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples)
Banyai, Krisztian (Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research)
Buonavoglia, Canio (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari)
Publication Information
Journal of Veterinary Science / v.22, no.6, 2021 , pp. 84.1-84.10 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Enteritis of an infectious origin is a major cause of productivity and economic losses to cattle producers worldwide. Several pathogens are believed to cause or contribute to the development of calf diarrhea. Astroviruses (AstVs) are neglected enteric pathogens in ruminants, but they have recently gained attention because of their possible association with encephalitis in humans and various animal species, including cattle. Objectives: This paper describes a large outbreak of neonatal diarrhea in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis), characterized by high mortality, which was associated with an AstV infection. Methods: Following an enteritis outbreak characterized by high morbidity (100%) and mortality (46.2%) in a herd of Mediterranean buffaloes (B. bubalis) in Italy, 16 samples from buffalo calves were tested with the molecular tools for common and uncommon enteric pathogens, including AstV, kobuvirus, and torovirus. Results: The samples tested negative for common enteric viral agents, including Rotavirus A, coronavirus, calicivirus, pestivirus, kobuvirus, and torovirus, while they tested positive for AstV. Overall, 62.5% (10/16) of the samples were positive in a single round reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for AstV, and 100% (16/16) were positive when nested PCR was performed. The strains identified in the outbreak showed a clonal origin and shared the closest genetic relationship with bovine AstVs (up to 85% amino acid identity in the capsid). Conclusions: This report indicates that AstVs should be included in a differential diagnosis of infectious diarrhea in buffalo calves.
Keywords
Buffalo; enteritis; infection; astroviridae;
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