Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.6113/JPE.2013.13.6.964

Torque-Angle-Based Direct Torque Control for Interior Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Drivers in Electric Vehicles  

Qiu, Xin (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power Conversion, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)
Huang, Wenxin (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power Conversion, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)
Bu, Feifei (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power Conversion, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)
Publication Information
Journal of Power Electronics / v.13, no.6, 2013 , pp. 964-974 More about this Journal
Abstract
A modified direct torque control (DTC) method based on torque angle is proposed for interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drivers used in electric vehicles (EVs). Given the close relationship between torque and torque angle, proper voltage vectors are selected by the proposed DTC method to change the torque angle rapidly and regulate the torque quickly. The amplitude and angle of the voltage vectors are determined by the torque loop and stator flux-linkage loop, respectively, with the help of the position of the stator flux linkage. Furthermore, to satisfy the torque performance request of EVs, the nonlinear dead-time of the invertor caused by parasitic capacitances is considered and compensated to improve steady torque performance. The stable operation region of the IPMSM DTC driver for voltage and current limits is investigated for reliability. The experimental results prove that the proposed DTC has good torque performance with a brief control structure.
Keywords
Dead-time compensation; Direct torque control; Interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor; Torque accuracy; Torque angle;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 C. C. Chan and K. T. Chau, "An advanced permanent magnet motor drive system for battery-powered electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech., Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 180-189, Feb. 1996.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 K. T. Chau, C. C. Chan, and C. Liu, "Overview of permanent magnet brushless drives for electric and hybrid electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp. 2246-2258, Jun. 2008.
3 T. D. Batzel and K. Y. Lee, "Electric propulsion with sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor: implementation and performance," IEEE Trans. Energy. Conv., Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 575-584, Sep. 2005.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 T. Schneider, T. Koch, and A. Binder, "Comparative analysis of limited field weakening capability of surface mounted permanent magnet machines," IEEE Trans. Energy. Conv., Vol. 151, No. 1, pp. 76-82, Jan. 2004.
5 K.-T. Kim, K.-S. Kim, S.-M. Hwang, T.-J. Kim, and Y.-H. Jung, "Comparison of magnetic forces for IPM and SPM motor with rotor eccentricity," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 37, No. 5, pp. 3448-3451, Sep. 2001.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 J.-S. Ko, J.-S. Choi, and D.-H. Chung, "Maximum torque control of an IPMSM drive using an adaptive learning fuzzy-neural network," Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 468-477, May. 2012.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Y.-S. Jung and M.-G. Kim, "Sliding mode observer for sensorless control of IPMSM drives," Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 117-124, Jan. 2009.   과학기술학회마을
8 M. Hasegawa and K. Matsui, "Position sensorless control for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor using adaptive flux observer with inductance identification," IET Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 209-217, May. 2009.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 S.-Y. Lee, S.-Y. Kwak, S.-Y. Jung, J.-K. Kim, S.-K. Hong, C.-G. Lee, and H.-K. Jung, "Analysis of inductance characteristics in interior permanent magnet synchronous motor considering inductance variation," in Proc. 12th IEEE Conf. Electromagnetic Field Computation, Florida, 2006, pp. 145.
10 J.-Y. Lee, S.-H. Lee, G.-H. Lee, J.-P. Hong and J. Hur, "Determination of parameters considering magnetic nonlinearity in an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 1303-1307, Apr. 2006.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 B. K. Bose and P. M. Szczesny, "A microcomputer-based control and simulation of an advanced IPM synchronous machine drive system for electric vehicle propulsion," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 547-559, Nov. 1998.
12 M. Bilewski, A. Fratta, L. Giordano, A. Vagati, and F. Villata, "Control of high-performance interior permanent magnet synchronous drives," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 328-338, Mar. 1993.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 S. Morimoto, Y. Takeda, K. Hatanaka, Y. Tong, and T. Hirasa, "Design and Control System of Inverter-Driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for High Torque Operation," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 1150-1155, Nov./Dec. 1993.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 M. C. Paicu, I. Boldea, G.-D. Andreescu, and F. Blaabjerg, "Very low speed performance of active flux based sensorless control: interior permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control versus direct torque and flux control," IET Electr. Power Appl., Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 551-561, May. 2009.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 D. Casadei, F. Profumo, G. Serra, and A. Tani, "FOC and DTC: Two viable schemes for induction motors torque control," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 779-787, Sep. 2002.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 G. S. Buja and M. P. Kazmierkowski, "Direct torque control of PWM inverter-fed AC motors-A survey," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 744-758, Aug. 2004.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 M. F. Rahman, L. Zhong, Md. E. Haque and M. A. Rahman, "A direct torque-controlled interior permanent-magnet synchronous motor drive without a speed sensor," IEEE Trans. Energy. Conv., Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 17-23, Mar. 2003.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 L. Zhong, M. F. Rahman, W. Y. Hu, K. W. Lim, and M. A. Rahman, "A direct torque controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives," IEEE Trans. Energy. Conv., Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 637-642, Sep. 1999.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 L. Tang, L. Zhong, M. F. Rahman, and Y. Hu, "A novel direct torque control for interior permanent-magnet synchronous machine drive with low ripple in torque and flux-A speed-sensorless approach," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 1748-1757, Nov. 2003.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 G. H. B. Foo and M. F. Rahman, "Direct torque control of an IPM-synchronous motor drive at very low speed using a sliding-mode stator flux observer," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 933-943, Apr. 2010.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 R. Dutta and M. F. Rahman, "A comparative analysis of two test methods of measuring d- and q-axes inductances of interior permanent-magnet machine," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 42, No. 11, pp. 3712-3719, Nov. 2006.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 K. M. Rahman and S. Hiti, "Identification of machine parameters of a synchronous motor," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 557-566, Mar. 2005.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Y. Zhang, J. Zhu, Z. Zhao, W. Xu, and D. G. Dorrell, "An improved direct torque control for three-level inverter-fed induction motor sensorless drive," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 1502-1514, Mar. 2012.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 E. Flach, R. Hoffmann, and P. Mutschler, "Direct mean torque control of an induction motor," in Proc. EPE, 1997, Vol. 3, pp. 672-677.
25 M. Pacas and J. Weber, "Predictive direct torque control for the PM synchronous machine," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 52, No. 5, pp. 1350-1356, Oct. 2005.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Y. Zhang, J. Zhu, W. Xu, and Y. Guo, "A simple method to reduce torque ripple in direct torque-controlled permanent-magnet synchronous motor by using vectors with variable amplitude and angle," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 58, No. 7, pp. 2848-2860, Jul. 2011.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 L. Romeral, A. Arias, E. Aldabas, and M. Jayne, "Novel direct torque control (DTC) scheme with fuzzy adaptive torque-ripple reduction," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 487-492, Jun. 2003.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 L. Xu and M. Fu, "A novel sensorless control technique for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) using digital signal processor (DSP)," in Proc. NEACON'97, Dayton, OH, July 14-17, 1997, pp. 403-406.
29 G.-D. Andreescu, C. I. Pitic, F. Blaabjerg, and I. Boldea, "Combined flux observer with signal injection enhancement for wide speed range sensorless direct torque control of IPMSM drives," IEEE Trans. Energy. Conv., Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 393-403, Jun. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 M. Terashima, T. Ashikaga, T. Mizuno, K. Natori, N. Fujiwara, and M. Yada, "Novel motors and controllers for high-performance electric vehicle with four in-wheel motors," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 28-39, Feb. 1997.   DOI   ScienceOn
31 N. Urasaki, T. Senjyu, K. Uezato, and T. Funabashi, "Adaptive dead-time compensation strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motor drive," IEEE Trans. Energy. Conv., Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 271-281, Jun. 2007.   DOI   ScienceOn