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http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2012.0145

Prevalence of Tobacco mosaic virus in Iran and Evolutionary Analyses of the Coat Protein Gene

Alishiri, Athar (Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University)
Rakhshandehroo, Farshad (Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University)
Zamanizadeh, Hamid-Reza (Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University)
Palukaitis, Peter (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Seoul Women's University)

Publication Information

The Plant Pathology Journal / v.29, no.3, 2013 , pp. 260-273 More about this Journal

Abstract

The incidence and distribution of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and related tobamoviruses was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on 1,926 symptomatic horticultural crops and 107 asymptomatic weed samples collected from 78 highly infected fields in the major horticultural crop-producing areas in 17 provinces throughout Iran. The results were confirmed by host range studies and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The overall incidence of infection by these viruses in symptomatic plants was 11.3%. The coat protein (CP) gene sequences of a number of isolates were determined and disclosed to be a high identity (up to 100%) among the Iranian isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of all known TMV CP genes showed three clades on the basis of nucleotide sequences with all Iranian isolates distinctly clustered in clade II. Analysis using the complete CP amino acid sequence showed one clade with two subgroups, IA and IB, with Iranian isolates in both subgroups. The nucleotide diversity within each subgroup was very low, but higher between the two clades. No correlation was found between genetic distance and geographical origin or host species of isolation. Statistical analyses suggested a negative selection and demonstrated the occurrence of gene flow from the isolates in other clades to the Iranian population.

Keywords

coat protein; gene flow; phylogeny; TMV; Tobamovirus;

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Reference
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