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The Cytotoxicity of Eutigosides from Eurya emarginata Against HL-60 Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells  

Park Soo Yeong (Department of Medicine, Cheju National University, Technology Innovation Center, Cheju National University)
Yang Hong Chul (Department of Chemistry, Cheju National University)
Moon Ji Young (Department of Chemistry, Cheju National University)
Lee Nam Ho (Department of Chemistry, Cheju National University)
Kim Se Jae (Technology Innovation Center, Cheju National University)
Kang Ji Hoon (Department of Medicine, Cheju National University)
Lee Young Ki (Department of Medicine, Cheju National University)
Park Deok Bae (Department of Medicine, Cheju National University)
Yoo Eun Sook (Department of Medicine, Cheju National University)
Kang Hee Kyoung (Department of Medicine, Cheju National University)
Publication Information
Archives of Pharmacal Research / v.28, no.9, 2005 , pp. 1047-1052 More about this Journal
Abstract
Two phenolic glucosides, eutigoside Band eutigoside C were isolated from the fresh leaves of Eurya emarginata. These two phenolic glucosides exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. Furthermore, when the HL-60 cells were treated with eutigoside C, several apoptotic characteristics such as DNA fragmentation, morphologic changes, and increase of the population of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed. In order to understand the mechanism of apoptosis induction by eutigoside C, we examined the changes of Bcl-2 and Bax expression levels. The eutigoside C reduced BcI-2 protein and mRNA levels, but slightly increased Bax protein and mRNA levels in a time-dependent manner. When we examined the activation of caspase-3, an effector of apoptosis, the eutigoside C increased the expression of active form (19-kDa) of caspase-3 and the increase of their activities was demonstrated by the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, a substrate of caspase-3, to 85-kDa. The results suggest that the inhibitory effect of eutigoside C from E. emarginata on the growth of HL-60 appears to arise from the induction of apoptosis via the down-regulation of BcI-2 and the activation of caspase.
Keywords
Eurya emarginata; HL-60; Eutigosides B; Eutigoside C; Apoptosis. Bcl-2; Bax; Caspase-3;
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