Selection of Cell Source and the Effect of pH and MS Macronutrients on Biomass Production in Cell Cultures of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack)

Callus and cell suspension cultures of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were initiated from leaves of different trees. The leaf explant of tree Eu9 produced the most calli and also induced high cell biomass in the cell suspension culture. Optimum production of cell biomass could be initiated in proliferating culture medium with a pH of 5.75 prior to autoclaving. The effects of macronutrient inorganic salts of Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with X on production of cell biomass of Eurycoma longifolia were also investigated. The highest cell biomass was produced in MS medium containing macronutrients of $21\;mM\;NH_4NO_3,\;12.25\;mM\;KNO_3,\;3.00\;mM\;CaCl_2.2H_2O,\;0.575\;mM\;MgSO_4.7H_2O$, and $1.83\;mM\;KH_2PO_4$. A new medium labeled as TAM was formulated for the production of Eurycoma longifolia cell biomass in the cell suspension culture.