[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2016.20.2.314

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Heating Process of Glass Thermal Slumping

Zhao, Dachun (Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Liu, Peng (Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
He, Lingping (Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Chen, Bo (Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Publication Information

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea / v.20, no.2, 2016 , pp. 314-320 More about this Journal

Abstract

The glass thermal forming process provides a high volume, low cost approach to producing aspherical reflectors for x-ray optics. Thin glass sheets are shaped into mirror segments by replicating the mold shape at high temperature. Heating parameters in the glass thermal slumping process are crucial to improve surface quality of the formed glass. In this research, the heating process of a thermal slumping glass sheet on a concave parabolic mold was simulated with the finite-element method (FEM) to investigate the effects of heating rate and soaking temperature. Based on the optimized heating conditions, glass samples 0.5 mm thick were formed in a furnace with a steel concave parabolic mold. The figure errors of the formed glass were measured and discussed in detail. It was found that the formed glass was not fully slumped at the edges, and should be trimmed to achieve better surface deviation. The root-mean-square (RMS) deviation and peak-valley (PV) deviation between formed glass and mold along the axial direction were 2.3 μm and 4.7 μm respectively.

Keywords

X-ray segmented mirrors; Thermal slumping; Finite-element method; Concave mold;

Citations & Related Records

Reference

1	R. Petre, “Thin shell, segmented X-ray mirrors,” X-ray Opt. and Instru. 2010, 412323 (2010).
2	M. E. Bruner, R. C. Catura, J. E. Harvey, and P. L. Thompson, “Design and performance predictions for the GOES SXI telescope,” Proc. SPIE 3442, 192-202 (1998).
3	S. Chen, B. Mu, S. Ma, and Z. Wang, “Design of hard X-ray focusing telescope with a large field of view,” Proc. SPIE 9272, 92721R (2014).
4	K. Gendreau, Z. Arzoumanian, and F. Asami, “The X-ray advanced concepts testbed (XACT) sounding rocket payload,” Proc. SPIE 8443, 84434V (2012).
5	S. Romaine, R. Bruni, B. Choi, and C. Jensen, “Development of light weight replicated X-ray optics,” Proc. SPIE 9144, 91441H (2014).
6	E. Balsamo, K. Gendreau, and Z. Arzoumanian, “Development of full shell foil X-ray mirrors,” Proc. SPIE 8450, 845052 (2012).
7	R. Hudec, “Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) and Lobster Eye (LE) optics for astronomical and laboratory applications,” X-ray Opt. and Instru. 2010, 139148 (2010).
8	M. A. Jimenez-Garate, C. J. Hailey, W. W. Craig, and F. E. Christensen, “Thermal forming of glass microsheets for X-tay telescope mirror segments,” Appl. Opt. 42, 4 (2003).
9	R. Hudec, L. Pina, and A. Inneman, “Novel technology for X-ray multi-foil optics,” Proc. SPIE 5900, 59000Y (2005).
10	Y. C. Tsai, C. Hung, and J. Hung, “Glass material model for the forming stage of the glass molding process,” J. Mater. Process. Technol. 20, 751-754 (2008).
11	A. Jain and A. Y. Yi, “Numerical modeling of viscoelastic stress relaxation during glass lens forming process,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 88, 530-535 (2005). DOI
12	H. Carre and L. Daudeville, “Numerical simulation of soda lime silicate glass tempering,” J. Phys. 6, C1-175~C1-815 (1996).
13	L. Su, P. He, and A. Y. Yi, “Investigation of glass thickness effect on thermal slumping by experimental and numerical methods,” J. Mater. Process. Technol. 211, 1995-2003 (2011). DOI
14	A. Jain, "Experimental study and numerical analysis of compression molding process for manufacturing precision asperical glass lenses," Ph. D. Dissertation, The Ohio State University (2006), Chapter 8, pp. 89-90.
15	Y. M. Stokes, “Numerical design tools for thermal replication of optical quality surfaces,” Computer & Fluids 29, 401-414 (2000). DOI