Synthesis and Exploitation in Solar Cells of Hydrothermally Grown ZnO Nanorods Covered by ZnS Quantum Dots |
Mehrabian, Masood
(Department of Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology)
Afarideh, Hossein (Department of Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology) Mirabbaszadeh, Kavoos (Department of Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology) Lianshan, Li (Laboratory for Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology) Zhiyong, Tang (Laboratory for Nanomaterials, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology) |
1 | Q. C. Li, V. Kumar, Y. Li, H. Zhang, T. J. Marks, and R. P. H. Chang, "Fabrication of ZnO nanorods and nanotubes in aqueous solutions," Chem. Mater. 17, 1001-1006 (2005). DOI ScienceOn |
2 | O. Akhavan, M. Mehrabian, K. Mirabbaszadeh, and R. Azimirad, "Hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanorod arrays for photocatalytic inactivation of bacteria," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. ,42, 225305 (10pp) (2009). DOI ScienceOn |
3 | S. H. Im, H. J. Kim, and S. I. Seok, "Near-infrared responsive PbS-sensitized photovoltaic photodetectors fabricated by the spin-assisted successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method," Nanotechnology 22, 395502 (5pp) (2011). DOI ScienceOn |
4 | Z. Chen and L. Gao, "A facile route to ZnO nanorod arrays using wet chemical method," Journal of Crystal Growth 293, 522-527 (2006). DOI ScienceOn |
5 | S. Hullavarad, N. Hullavarad, D. Look, and B. Claflin, "Persistent photoconductivity studies in nanostructured ZnO UV sensors," Nanoscale Res. Lett. 4, 1421-1427 (2009). DOI ScienceOn |
6 | Z. L. Wang, X. Y. Kong, and J. M. Zuo, "Induced growth of asymmetric nanocantilever arrays on polar surfaces," Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 185502 (4 pp) (2003). DOI ScienceOn |
7 | L. Zhang, D. Qin, G. Yang, and Q. Zhang, "The investigation on synthesis and optical properties of zns:co nanocrystals by using hydrothermal method," Chalcogenide Letters 9, 93-98 (2012). |
8 | A. M. Palve and S. S. Garje, "A facile synthesis of ZnS nanocrystallites by pyrolysis of single molecule precursors, Zn and ," Bull. Mater. Sci. 34, 667-671 (2011). DOI ScienceOn |
9 | B. Carlson, K. Leschkies, E. S. Aydil, and X. Y. Zhu, "Valence band alignment at cadmium selenide quantum dot and Zinc oxide (1010) interfaces," J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 8419-8423 (2008). DOI ScienceOn |
10 | S. H. Deulkar, C. H. Bhosale, and M. Sharon, "A comparative study of structural, compositional, thermal and optical properties of non stoichiometric (Zn, Fe) S chalcogenide pellets and thin films," J. Phys. Chem. Solids 65, 1879-1885 (2004). DOI ScienceOn |
11 | J. Vidal, O. de Melo, O. Vigil, N. Lopez, G. Contreras- Puente, and O. Zelaya-Angel, "Influence of magnetic field and type of substrate on the growth of ZnS films by chemical bath," Thin Solid Films 419, 118-123 (2002). DOI ScienceOn |
12 | L. W. Chong, H. T. Chien, and Y. L. Lee, "Assembly of CdSe onto mesoporous films induced by a selfassembled monolayer for quantum dot-sensitized solar cell applications," Journal of Power Sources 195, 5109-5113 (2010). DOI ScienceOn |
13 | D. Denzler, M. Olschewski, and K. Sattler, "Luminescence studies of localized gap states in colloidal ZnS nanocrystals," J. Appl. Phys. 84, 2841-2845 (1998). DOI ScienceOn |
14 | T. B. Nasr, N. Kamoun, and C. Guasch, "Structure, surface composition, and electronic properties of Zinc sulphide thin films," Materials Chemistry and Physics 96, 84-89 (2006). DOI ScienceOn |
15 | B. Elidrissi, M. Addou, M. Regragui, A. Bougrine, A. Kachouane, and J. C. Bernede, "Structure, composition and optical properties of ZnS thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis," Mater. Chem. Phys. 68, 175-179 (2001). DOI ScienceOn |
16 | X. L. Cheng, H. Zhao, L. H. Huo, S. Gao, and J. G. Zhao, "ZnO nanoparticulate thin film: Preparation, characterization and gas-sensing property," Sens. Actuators B 102, 248-252 (2004). DOI ScienceOn |
17 | J. H. Park, J. S. Kim, and J. T. Kim, "Luminescent properties of phosphor film fabricated by spin-coating of Ba-Eu precursor on glass," J. Opt. Soc. Korea 18, 45-49 (2014). 과학기술학회마을 DOI ScienceOn |
18 | H. Sirringhaus, N. Tessler, and R. H. Friend, "Integrated optoelectronic devices based on conjugated polymers," Science 280, 1741-1744 (1998). DOI ScienceOn |
19 | I. Riedel and V. Dyakonov, "Influence of electronic transport properties of polymer-fullerene blends on the performance of bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices," Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 201, 1332-1341 (2004). DOI ScienceOn |
20 | D. Chirvase, J. Parisi, J. C. Hummelen, and V. Dyakonov, "Influence of nanomorphology on the photovoltaic action of polymer-fullerene composites," Nanotechnology 15, 1317-1323 (2004). DOI ScienceOn |
21 | G. Li, V. Shrotriya, J. Huang, Y. Yao, T. Moriarty, K. Emery, and Y. Yang, "High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends," Nature Materials 4, 864-868 (2005). DOI ScienceOn |
22 | S. K. Dixit, S. Madan, D. Madhwal, J. Kumar, I. Singh, C. S. Bhatia, P. K. Bhatnagar, and P. C. Mathur, "Bulk heterojunction formation with induced concentration gradient from a bilayer structure of P3HT: CdSe/ZnS quantum dots using inter-diffusion process for developing high efficiency solar cell," Organic Electronics 13, 710-714 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
23 | D. C. Olson, Y. J. Lee, M. S. White, N. Kopidakis, S. E. Shaheen, D. S. Ginley, J. A. Voigt, and J. W. P. Hsu, "Effect of polymer processing on the performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene)/ZnO nanorod photovoltaic devices," J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 16640-16645 (2007). DOI ScienceOn |
24 | Y. Hames, Z. Alpaslan, A. Kosemen, S. E. San, and Y. Yerli, "Electrochemically grown ZnO nanorods for hybrid solar cell applications," Solar Energy 84, 426-431 (2010). DOI ScienceOn |
25 | M. Akhlaghi, F. Emami, M. S. Sadeghi, and M. Yazdanypoor, "Simulation and optimization of nonperiodic plasmonic nano-particles," J. Opt. Soc. Korea 18, 82-88 (2014). DOI ScienceOn |
26 | D. C. Olson, J. Piris, R. T. Collins, S. E. Shaheen, and D. S. Ginley, "Hybrid photovoltaic devices of polymer and ZnO nanofiber composites," Thin Solid Films 496, 26-29 (2006). DOI ScienceOn |
27 | A. M. Peiro, P. Ravirajan, K. Govender, D. S. Boyle, P. O'Brien, D. D. C. Bradley, J. Nelson, and J. R. Durrant, "Hybrid polymer/metal oxide solar cells based on ZnO columnar structures," J. Mater. Chem. 16, 2088-2096 (2006). DOI ScienceOn |
28 | K. Sayama, H. Sugihara, and H. Arakawa, "Photoelectrochemical properties of a porous Nb2O5 electrode sensitized by a ruthenium dye," Chemistry of Materials 10, 3825- 3832 (1998). DOI ScienceOn |
29 | K. Takanezawa, K. Tajima, and K. Hashimoto, "Efficiency enhancement of polymer photovoltaic devices hybridized with ZnO nanorod arrays by the introduction of a vanadium oxide buffer layer," Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 1-3 (2008). |
30 | C. J. Brabec, V. Dyakonov, J. Parisi, and N. S. Sariciftci, Organic Photovoltaics: Concepts and Realization (Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2003). |
31 | N. S. Sariciftci, L. Smilowitz, A. J. Heeger, and F. Wudl, "Photoinduced electron transfer from a conducting polymer to buckminsterfullerene," Science 258, 1474-1476 (1992). DOI ScienceOn |
32 | G. Yu, J. Gao, J. C. Hummelen, F. Wudl, and A. J. Heeger, "Polymer photovoltaic cells: Enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor acceptor heterojunctions," Science 270, 1789-1791 (1995). DOI ScienceOn |
33 | D. Chirvase, Z. Chiguvare, M. Knipper, J. Parisi, V. Dyakonov, and J. C. Hummelen, "Temperature dependent characteristics of poly (3 hexylthiophene)-fullerene based heterojunction organic solar cells," J. Appl. Phys. 93, 3376- 3383 (2002). |
34 | M. Helgesen, R. Sondergaard, and F. C. Krebs, "Advanced materials and processes for polymer solar cell devices," Journal of Materials Chemistry, 20 36-60 (2010). DOI ScienceOn |
35 | K. Kang and J. Kim, "Effect of sunlight polarization on the absorption efficiency of V-shaped organic solar cells," J. Opt. Soc. Korea 18, 9-14 (2014). 과학기술학회마을 DOI ScienceOn |
36 | D. C. Olson, Y. J. Lee, M. S. White, N. Kopidakis, S. E. Shaheen, D. S. Ginley, J. A. Voigt, and J. W. P. Hsu, "Effect of polymer processing on the performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene)/ZnO nanorod photovoltaic devices," J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 16640-16645 (2007). DOI ScienceOn |
37 | W. U. Huynh, J. J. Dittmer, and A. P. Alivisatos, "Hybrid nanorod-polymer solar cells," Science 295, 2425-2427 (2002). DOI ScienceOn |
38 | H. Fu, M. Choi, W. Luan, Y. S. Kim, and S. T. Tu, "Hybrid solar cells with an inverted structure: Nanodots incorporated ternary system," Solid-State Electronics 69, 50-54 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
39 | E. C. Garnett and P. D. Yang, "Silicon nanowire radial p-n junction solar cells," Journal of the American Chemical Society 130, 9224-9225 (2008). DOI ScienceOn |
40 | M. Law, L. E. Greene, J. C. Johnson, R. Saykally, and P. D. Yang, "Nanowire dye-sensitized solar cells," Nature Materials 4, 455-459 (2005). DOI ScienceOn |
41 | M. Zhong, D. Yang, J. Zhang, J. Y. Shi, X. L. Wang, and C. Li, "Improving the performance of CdS/P3HT hybrid inverted solar cells by interfacial modification," Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 96, 160-165 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
42 | S. Baruah and J. Dutta, "Hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanostructures," Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 10, 013001- 013018 (2009). DOI ScienceOn |
43 | Y. Myung, J. H. Kang, J. W. Choi, D. M. Jang, and J. Park, "Polytypic ZnCdSe shell layer on a ZnO nanowire array for enhanced solar cell efficiency," Journal of Materials Chemistry 22, 2157-2165 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
44 | L. M. Li, Z. F. Du, C. C. Li, J. Zhang, and T. H. Wang, "Ultralow threshold field emission from ZnO nanorod arrays grown on ZnO film at low temperature," Nanotechnology 18, 355606 (2007). DOI ScienceOn |
45 | J. B. Xia and X. W. Zhang, "Electronic structure of ZnO Wurtzite quantum wires," Eur. Phys. J. B 49, 415-420 (2006). DOI |
46 | W. I. Park and G. C. Yi, "Electroluminescence in n-ZnO nanorod arrays vertically grown on p-GaN," Adv. Mater. 16, 87-90 (2004). DOI ScienceOn |
47 | A. M. Lockett, P. J. Thomas, and P. O'Brien, "Influence of seeding layers on the morphology, density, and critical dimensions of ZnO nanostructures grown by chemical bath deposition," Journal of Physical Chemistry C 116, 8089- 8094 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
48 | J. P. Liu, X. T. Huang, Y. Y. Li, X. X. Ji, Z. K. Li, X. He, and F. L. Sun, "Vertically aligned 1D ZnO nanostructures on bulk alloy substrates: Direct solution synthesis, photoluminescence, and field emission," Journal of Physical Chemistry C 111, 4990-4997 (2007). |
49 | L. Vayssieres, "Growth of arrayed nanorods and nanowires of ZnO from aqueous solutions," Adv. Mater. 15, 464-466 (2003). DOI ScienceOn |
50 | L. Y. Chen, Y. T. Yin, C.H. Chen, and J. W. Chiou, "Influence of polyethyleneimine and ammonium on the growth of ZnO nanowires by hydrothermal method," Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115, 20913-20919 (2011). DOI ScienceOn |
51 | J.-S. Huang and C. F. Lin, "Influences of ZnO sol-gel thin film characteristics on ZnO nanowire arrays prepared at low temperature using all solution-based processing," J. Appl. Phys. 103, 1-5 (2008). |
52 | M. F. Malek, M. Z. Sahdan, M. H. Mamat, M. Z. Musa, Z. Khusaimi, S. S. Husairi, N. D. Md Sin, and M. Rusop, "A novel fabrication of MEH-PPV/Al:ZnO nanorod arrays based ordered bulk heterojunction hybrid solar cells," Applied Surface Science 275, 75-83 (2013). DOI ScienceOn |
53 | D. Li and H. Haneda, "Synthesis of nitrogen-containing ZnO powders by spray pyrolysis and their visible-light photocatalysis in gas-phase acetaldehyde decomposition," J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 155, 171-178 (2003). DOI ScienceOn |
54 | S. Ferrere, A. Zaban, and B. A. Gregg, "Dye sensitization of nanocrystalline tin oxide by perylene derivatives," Journal of Physical Chemistry B 101, 4490-4493 (1997). DOI ScienceOn |
55 | K. Keis, J. Lindgren, S. E. Lindquist, and A. Hagfeldt, "Studies of the adsorption process of Ru complexes in nanoporous ZnO electrodes," Langmuir 16, 4688-4694 (2000). DOI ScienceOn |
56 | P. Yang, H. Yan, S. Mao, R. Russo, J. Johnson, R. Saykally, N. Morris, J. Pham, R. He, and H. J. Choi, "Controlled growth of ZnO nanowires and their optical properties," Adv. Funct. Mater. 12, 323-331 (2002). DOI ScienceOn |
57 | M. Futsuhara, K. Yoshioka, and O. Takai, "Optical properties of Zinc oxynitride thin films Thin Solid Films 317, 322-325 (1998). DOI ScienceOn |
58 | D. Yun, X. Xia, S. Zhang, Z. Bian, R. Liu, and C. Huang, "ZnO nanorod arrays with different densities in hybrid photovoltaic devices: Fabrication and the density effect on performance," Chemical Physics Letters 516, 92-95 (2011). DOI ScienceOn |
59 | S. K. Dixit, S. Madan, D. Madhwal, J. Kumar, I. Singh, C. S. Bhatia, P. K. Bhatnagar, and P. C. Mathur, "Bulk heterojunction formation with induced concentration gradient from a bilayer structure of P3HT: CdSe/ZnS quantum dots using inter-diffusion process for developing high efficiency solar cell," Organic Electronics 13, 710-714 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
60 | D. C. Lim, W. H. Shim, K. D. Kim, H. O. Seo, J. H. Lim, Y. Jeong, Y. D. Kim, and K. Lee, "Spontaneous formation of nanoripples on the surface of ZnO thin films as holeblocking layer of inverted organic solar cells," Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 95, 3036-3040 (2011). |
61 | J. Tauc, R. Grigorovici, and A. Vancu, "Optical properties and electronic structure of amorphous germanium," Physica Status Solidi (b) 15, 627-637 (1996). |
62 | E. A. Davis and N. F. Motta, "Conduction in non-crystalline systems V. Conductivity, optical absorption and photoconductivity in amorphous semiconductors," Philosophical Magazine 22, 903-922 (1970). DOI |
63 | Y. M. Shen, C. S. Chen, P. C. Yang, S. Y. Ma, and C. F. Lin, "Improvement of surface morphology of thin films and performance by applying electric field on P3HT: PCBM based solar cells," Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 99, 263-267 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
64 | M. A. Green, K. Emery, Y. Hishikawa, W. Warta, and E. D. Dunlop, Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (version 39), Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 20, 12-20 (2012). DOI ScienceOn |
65 | S. Cook, R. Katoh, and A. Furube, "Ultrafast studies of charge generation in PCBM: P3HT blend films following excitation of the fullerene PCBM," J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 2547-2552 (2009). DOI ScienceOn |
66 | S. Sun and N. S. Sariciftci, Organic Photovoltaics (Taylor & Francis, London, UK, 2005). |