Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JCN.2016.000088

Energy Efficiency of Distributed Massive MIMO Systems  

He, Chunlong (College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University)
Yin, Jiajia (College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University)
He, Yejun (College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University)
Huang, Min (College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University)
Zhao, Bo (College of Information Engineering, Shenzhen University)
Publication Information
Journal of Communications and Networks / v.18, no.4, 2016 , pp. 649-657 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate energy efficiency (EE) of the traditional co-located and the distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. First, we derive an approximate EE expression for both the idealistic and the realistic power consumption models. Then an optimal energy-efficient remote access unit (RAU) selection algorithm based on the distance between the mobile stations (MSs) and the RAUs are developed to maximize the EE for the downlink distributed massive MIMO systems under the realistic power consumption model. Numerical results show that the EE of the distributed massive MIMO systems is larger than the co-located massive MIMO systems under both the idealistic and realistic power consumption models, and the optimal EE can be obtained by the developed energy-efficient RAU selection algorithm.
Keywords
Co-located massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO); distributed massive MIMO; energy efficiency;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 J. Zuo, J. Zhang, C. Yuen, W. Jiang, and W. Luo, "Multi-cell multi-user massive MIMO transmission with downlink training and pilot contamination precoding, " to appear on IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., 2015.
2 M. Sadeghi, C. Yuen, and Y. H. Chew, "Sum rate maximization for uplink distributed massive MIMO systems with limited backhaul capacity," in Proc. Globecom Workshops pp. 308-313, Dec. 2014.
3 O. Arnold, F. Richter, G. Fettweis, and O. Blume, "Power consumption modeling of different base station types in heterogeneous cellular networks," in Proc. Future Netw. Mobile Summit, pp. 1-8, 2010.
4 D. W. K. Ng, E. Lo, and R. Schober, "Wireless information and power transfer: Energy efficiency optimization in OFDMA systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 12, pp. 6352-6370, Dec. 2013.   DOI
5 Cisco white paper. (2012). Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global mobile data traffic data forecast update, 2011-2016. [Online] Available: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/ visual-networking-index-vni/mobile-white-paper-c11-520862.html.
6 M. Sadeghi and C. Yuen, "Multi-cell multi-group massive MIMO multicasting: An asymptotic analysis" to appear in Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM pp.1-5, Dec. 2015.
7 X.-J. Zhang et al., "Distributed power allocation for coordinated multipoint transmissions in distributed antenna systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 12, pp. 2281-2291, May 2013.   DOI
8 D.-M. Wang et al., "Spectral efficiency of distributed MIMO systems," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 31, pp. 2112-2127, Oct. 2013.   DOI
9 G. P. G. H. Hardy, J. E. Littlewood, Inequalities. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1952.
10 J. Zhang, C.-K. Wen, S. Jin, X.-Q. Gao, and K.-K. Wong, "On capacity of large-scale mimo multiple access channels with distributed sets of correlated antennas," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 31, pp. 133-148, Feb. 2013.   DOI
11 H. Li, L.-Y. Song, and M. Debbah, "Energy efficiency of large-scale multiple antenna systems with transmit antenna selection," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 62, pp. 638-647, Feb. 2014.   DOI
12 K. Nagayama, M. Kakui, M. Matsui, T. Saitoh, and Y. Chigusa, "Ultralow- loss (0.1484 db/km) pure silica core fibre and extension of transmission distance," Electron. Letters, vol. 38, pp. 1168-1169, Sept. 2002.   DOI
13 H. Q. Ngo, E. G. Larsson, and T. L. Marzetta, "Energy and spectral efficiency of very large multiuser MIMO systems," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, pp. 1436-1449, Apr. 2013.   DOI
14 S.-G. Cui, A. Goldsmith, and A. Bahai, "Energy-constrained modulation optimization," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 4, pp. 2349-2360, Sept. 2005.   DOI
15 H. Yin, D. Gesbert, M. Filippou, and Y. Liu, "A coordinated approach to channel estimation in large-scale multiple-antenna systems," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 264-273, Feb. 2013.   DOI
16 L. Huang, Y. Xiao, K. Liu, H.C. So, and J.-K.Zhang, "Bayesian information criterion for source enumeration in large-scale adaptive antenna array," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., pp. 1-16, May 2015.
17 W. Roh and A. Paulraj, "MIMO channel capacity for the distributed antenna," in Proc. IEEE VTC, vol. 2, pp. 706-709, Sept. 2002.
18 C.-L. He, G. Y. Li, F.-C. Zheng, and X.-H. You, "Energy-efficient resource allocation in OFDM systems with distributed antennas," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 63, pp. 1223-1231, Mar. 2013.
19 H. Q. Ngo and E. G. Larsson, "EVD-based channel estimations for multicell multiuser MIMO with very large antenna arrays," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Mar. 2012.
20 Y. Song et al., "Friendship Influence on Mobile Behavior of Location Based Social Network Users," J. Commun. Netw., vol. 17, pp. 126-132, Apr. 2015.   DOI
21 Feng D et al., "A survey of energy-efficient wireless communications, " IEEE Commun. Surveys Tuts., vol. 15, pp. 167-178, First Quarter 2013.   DOI
22 W. Feng, Y.-M. Wang, N. Ge, J.-H. Lu, and J.-S. Zhang, "Virtual MIMO in multi-cell distributed antenna systems: Coordinated transmissions with large-scale CSIT," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 31, pp. 2067-2081, Oct. 2013.   DOI
23 J. Li, T. Luo, J. Gao, and G. Yue,"A MAC Protocol for Link Maintenance in Multichannel Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks" J. Commun. Netw. KOR vol. 17, pp. 172-183, Apr. 2015.   DOI
24 C.-L. He, B. Sheng, P.-C. Zhu, X.-H. You, and G. Y. Li, "Energy- and spectral-efficiency tradeoff for distributed antenna systems with proportional fairness," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 31, pp. 894-902, May 2013.
25 J. Xu and L. Qiu, "Energy efficiency optimization for MIMO broadcast channels," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 12, pp. 690-701, Feb. 2013.   DOI
26 R. Mahapatra, Y. Nijsure, G. Kaddoum, N. Ul Hassan, and C. Yuen, "Energy efficiency trade-off mechanism towards wireless green communication: A survey, " IEEE Commun. Surveys Tuts, vol. PP, no. 99, Oct 2015.
27 C.-L. He, G. Y. Li, F.-C. Zheng, and X.-H. You, "Power allocation criteria for distributed antenna systems," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 64, no. 11, pp.1223-1231, Nov. 2015.
28 C.-L. He, B. Sheng, P.-C. Zhu, D.-M. Wang, and X.-H. You, "Energy efficiency comparison between distributed MIMO and co-located MIMO systems," Int. J. Commun. Syst., vol. 27, pp. 81-94, 2014.   DOI
29 N. Deng, M. Zhao, J. Zhu, and W. Zhou, "Traffic-aware relay sleep control for joint macro-relay network energy efficiency" J. Commun. Netw. vol. 17, pp. 47-57, Feb. 2015.   DOI
30 Q. Sun et al., "On scheduling for massive distributed MIMO downlink," in Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM, pp. 4151-4156, Dec. 2013.
31 J.-L. Yan, J.-D. Li, and L.-J. Zhao, "Joint user scheduling and power allocation with quality of service guarantees in downlink distributed antennas system," IET Commun., vol. 8, pp. 299-307, Feb. 2014.   DOI
32 Y. Chen, S.-Q. Zhang, S.-G. Xu, and G. Y. Li, "Fundamental trade-offs on green wireless networks," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 49, pp. 30-37, June 2011.
33 A. M. Tulino and S. Verdu, "Random matrix theory and wireless communications," Found. Trends Commun. Inf. Theory, vol. 1, pp. 1-182, June 2004.   DOI
34 L. Huang, J. Fang, K. Liu, H.C. So, and H. Li, "An eigenvalue-momentratio approach to blind spectrum sensing for cognitive radio under samplestarving environment," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 3465- 3480, Aug. 2015.   DOI
35 J. Gan, Y. Li, L. Xiao, S. Zhou, and J.Wang, "On sum rate and power consumption of multi-user distributed antenna system with circular antenna layout," EURASIP J. Wireless Commun. Netw., vol. 2007, no. 089780, Feb. 2013.
36 M. Matthaiou, C. Zhong, M. R. McKay, and T. Ratnarajah, "Sum rate analysis of ZF receivers in distributed MIMO systems," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 180-191, Feb. 2013.   DOI
37 L. Dai, "An uplink capacity analysis of the distributed antenna system (DAS): From cellular DAS to DAS with virtual cells," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 2717-2731, May 2014.   DOI
38 Y. Rui, Q. T. Zhang, L. Deng, P. Cheng, and M.-Q. Li, "Mode selection and power optimization for energy efficiency in uplink virtual MIMO systems," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 31, pp. 926-936, May 2013.   DOI
39 A. Yang, Y. Jing, C. Xing, Z. Fei, and J. Kuang, "Performance analysis and location optimization for massive MIMO systems with circularly distributed antennas," to appear on IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., 2015.
40 G.-W. Miao, N. Himayat, G. Y. Li, and S. Talwar, "Distributed interference-aware energy-efficient power optimization," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 10, pp. 1323-1333, Apr. 2011.   DOI