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http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.5.639

School-based nutrition education improves breakfast-related personal influences and behavior of Indonesian adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled study  

Indriasari, Rahayu (Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University)
Nadjamuddin, Ulfah (Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University)
Arsyad, Dian Sidik (Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University)
Iswarawanti, Dwi Nastiti (Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Center for Food and Nutrition (SEAMEO RECFON)-Pusat Kajian Gizi Regional (PKGR) Universitas Indonesia)
Publication Information
Nutrition Research and Practice / v.15, no.5, 2021 , pp. 639-654 More about this Journal
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Many adolescents in developing countries skip breakfast. Innovative nutrition education (NE) strategies are needed to enhance knowledge and skills related to the breakfasts of adolescents in a low socioeconomic setting. The objective was to evaluate short- and long-term effects of a multi-strategy, school-based NE intervention on adolescents' breakfast-related personal influences and behaviors. SUBJECTS/METHODS: An intervention study with a cluster randomized controlled trial design was conducted in 4 senior high schools in Makassar, Indonesia. The multi-strategy NE intervention was delivered for 3 months. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and a 3-day breakfast recall (face-to-face interview). Wilcoxon, McNemar, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine intra- and intergroup differences. RESULTS: Unlike knowledge, improvement was observed in attitude and self-efficacy scores in the intervention groups (IGs) (P < 0.01); however, no significant changes were observed in the control group (CG). More students showed improved motivation in the IG than in the CG (P > 0.05). Changes in breakfast frequency and macronutrient intake from breakfast were greater in the IG than in the CG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A multi-strategy NE intervention is effective in producing positive changes in breakfast-related attitude, self-efficacy, and motivation of adolescents from a low-middle socioeconomic setting. The intervention improved breakfast frequency and nutrient intake. This intervention has promise for sustaining the observed changes over the long-term.
Keywords
Adolescents; breakfast; education; behavior; Indonesia;
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