Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/IJIBC.2022.14.2.147

Understanding the User Preferences in the Types of Video Censorship  

Park, Sohyeon (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
Kim, Kyulee (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
Oh, Uran (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
Publication Information
International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication / v.14, no.2, 2022 , pp. 147-161 More about this Journal
Abstract
Video on demand (VOD) platforms provide immersive, inspiring, and commercial-free binge watching experiences. Recently, the number of these platform users increased dramatically as users can enjoy various contents without physical and time constraints during COVID-19. However, such platforms do not provide sufficient video censorship services while there is a strong need. In this study, we investigated the users' desire for video censorship when choosing and watching movies on VOD platforms, and how video censorship can be applied to different types of scenes to increase the censoring effect without diminishing the enjoyment. We first conducted an online survey with 98 respondents to identify the types of discomfort while watching sexual, violent, or drug-related scenes. We then conducted an in-depth online interview with 18 participants to identify the effective video filtering types and regions for each of the three scenes. Based on the findings, we suggest implications for designing a censor application for videos that contain uncomfortable scenes.
Keywords
Video Censorship; Video Masking; Survey; Interview;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Hubers, Alexander, "Video manipulation techniques for the protection of privacy in remote presence systems." Proceedings of the Tenth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction Extended Abstracts, 2015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/2701973.2702048   DOI
2 Diener, Ed, and Lisa W. Woody. "Television violence, conflict, realism, and action: A study in viewer liking." Communication Research, 8(3), pp. 281-306, 1981 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/009365028100800302   DOI
3 Rhee, Chi-Hyoung, and C. Lee. "Cartoon-like avatar generation using facial component matching." Int. J. of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering 8(4), pp. 69-78, 2013
4 Hasan, Rakibul, "Viewer experience of obscuring scene elements in photos to enhance privacy." Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173621   DOI
5 Hanewinkel, Reiner, "Portrayal of alcohol consumption in movies and drinking initiation in low-risk adolescents." Pediatrics 133(6), pp. 973-982, 2014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-3880   DOI
6 Lang, Annie, "The effects of edits on arousal, attention, and memory for television messages: When an edit is an edit can an edit be too much?" Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 44(1), pp. 94-109, 2000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4401_7   DOI
7 Diener, Ed, and Darlene DeFour. "Does television violence enhance program popularity?." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36(3), pp. 333, 1978 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.36.3.333   DOI
8 Lee, Haena, "The Scene-Interactive Video Scene Controller." Doctoral Dissertation, Rochester Institute of Technology, 2021.
9 Qamar Bhatti, Ali, "Explicit Content Detection System: An Approach towards a Safe and Ethical Environment." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1463546   DOI
10 Feller, Gavin, and Andrew Ventimiglia. "VidAngel: Content filtering technologies, religion, and American copyright law." Internet Histories 5(1), pp. 8-29, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/24701475.2020.1831198   DOI
11 Stanca, Luca, Marco Gui, and Marcello Gallucci. "Attracted but unsatisfied: The effects of sensational content on television consumption choices." Journal of Media Economics 26(2), pp. 82-97, 2013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08997764.2013.785552   DOI
12 Weaver, Andrew J., and Barbara J. Wilson. "The role of graphic and sanitized violence in the enjoyment of television dramas." Human Communication Research 35(3), pp. 442-463, 2009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2009.01358.x   DOI
13 Nunez-Smith, Marcella, "Media exposure and tobacco, illicit drugs, and alcohol use among children and adolescents: a systematic review." Substance Abuse 31(3), pp. 174-192, 2010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2010.495648   DOI
14 Sargent, James D., "Effect of parental R-rated movie restriction on adolescent smoking initiation: a prospective study." Pediatrics 114(1), pp. 149-156, 2004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.114.1.149   DOI
15 Bushman, Brad J., and Joanne Cantor. "Media ratings for violence and sex: Implications for policymakers and parents." American Psychologist 58(2), pp. 130, 2003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.58.2.130   DOI
16 Haidt, Jonathan, Clark McCauley, and Paul Rozin. "Individual differences in sensitivity to disgust: A scale sampling seven domains of disgust elicitors." Personality and Individual differences 16(5), pp. 701-713, 1994 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)90212-7   DOI
17 Matrix, Sidneyeve, "The Netflix effect: Teens, binge watching, and on-demand digital media trends." Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures 6.1, pp. 119-138, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/jeu.2014.0002   DOI
18 BBCNews, "Netflix gets 16 million new sign-ups thanks to lockdown", https://www.bbc.com/news/business52376022
19 Lichtman, Doug, and Benjamin Nyblade. "Naughty Bits: An Empirical Study of What Consumers Would Mute and Excise from Hollywood Fare If Only They Could." J. Copyright Soc'y USA, 66, 227, 2019
20 McLeod, Douglas M., William P. Eveland Jr, and Amy I. Nathanson. "Support for censorship of violent and misogynic rap lyrics: An analysis of the third-person effect." Communication Research 24(2), pp. 153-174, 1997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/009365097024002003   DOI
21 Sargent, James D., "Movie smoking and urge to smoke among adult smokers." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 11(9), pp. 1042-1046, 2009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntp097   DOI
22 Allen, Mike, "Pornography and rape myth acceptance." Journal of Communication 45(1), pp. 5-26, 1995   DOI
23 Hasan, Rakibul, "Can privacy be satisfying? On improving viewer satisfaction for privacy-enhanced photos using aesthetic transforms." Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300597   DOI
24 Hasan, Rakibul, "Can privacy be satisfying? On improving viewer satisfaction for privacy-enhanced photos using aesthetic transforms." Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2019.
25 Boyle, Michael, Christopher Edwards, and Saul Greenberg. "The effects of filtered video on awareness and privacy." Proceedings of the 2000 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, 2000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.358935   DOI
26 Carruthers, Malcolm, and Peter Taggart. "Vagotonicity of violence: Biochemical and cardiac responses to violent films and television programmes." Br Med J 3(5876), pp. 384-389, 1973 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.3.5876.384   DOI
27 Edgcomb, Alex, and Frank Vahid. "Privacy perception and fall detection accuracy for in-home video assistive monitoring with privacy enhancements." ACM SIGHIT Record 2(2), pp. 6-15, 2012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/2384556.2384557   DOI
28 Hanewinkel, Reiner, "Longitudinal study of parental movie restriction on teen smoking and drinking in Germany." Addiction 103(10), pp. 1722-1730, 2008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02308.x   DOI
29 Vlassis, Antonios. "Global online platforms, COVID-19, and culture: The global pandemic, an accelerator towards which direction?" Media, Culture & Society Vol. 43(5), pp. 957-969, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443721994537   DOI
30 Geiger, Seth, and Byron Reeves, "The effects of scene changes and semantic relatedness on attention to television." Communication Research 20(2), pp. 155-175, 1993 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/009365093020002001   DOI
31 Zillmann, Dolf. "Influence of unrestrained access to erotica on adolescents' and young adults' dispositions toward sexuality." Journal of adolescent health 27(2), pp. 41-44, 2000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(00)00137-3   DOI
32 Hasan, Rakibul, "Viewer experience of obscuring scene elements in photos to enhance privacy." Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173621   DOI
33 Hasan, Rakibul, "Cartooning for enhanced privacy in lifelogging and streaming videos." Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, 2017