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http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2021.54.5.267

Common and differential effects of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid on helper T-cell responses and associated pathways  

Lee, Jaeho (Graduate Program of Science for Aging, Yonsei University)
Choi, Yu Ri (Graduate Program of Science for Aging, Yonsei University)
Kim, Miso (Graduate Program of Science for Aging, Yonsei University)
Park, Jung Mi (Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Graduate School of Yonsei University)
Kang, Moonjong (Department of Biostatistics and Computing, Graduate School of Yonsei University)
Oh, Jaewon (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Lee, Chan Joo (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Park, Sungha (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Kang, Seok-Min (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Manabe, Ichiro (Department of Disease Biology and Molecular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine)
Ann, Soo-jin (Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Lee, Sang-Hak (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Publication Information
BMB Reports / v.54, no.5, 2021 , pp. 278-283 More about this Journal
Abstract
Our understanding of the differential effects between specific omega-3 fatty acids is incomplete. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on T-helper type 1 (Th1) cell responses and identify the pathways associated with these responses. Naïve CD4+ T cells were co-cultured with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) in the presence or absence of palmitate (PA), DHA, or EPA. DHA or EPA treatment lowered the number of differentiated IFN-γ-positive cells and inhibited the secretion of IFN-γ, whereas only DHA increased IL-2 and reduced TNF-α secretion. There was reduced expression of MHC II on DCs after DHA or EPA treatment. In the DC-independent model, DHA and EPA reduced Th1 cell differentiation and lowered the cell number. DHA and EPA markedly inhibited IFN-γ secretion, while only EPA reduced TNF-α secretion. Microarray analysis identified pathways involved in inflammation, immunity, metabolism, and cell proliferation. Moreover, DHA and EPA inhibited Th1 cells through the regulation of diverse pathways and genes, including Igf1 and Cpt1a. Our results showed that DHA and EPA had largely comparable inhibitory effects on Th1 cell differentiation. However, each of the fatty acids also had distinct effects on specific cytokine secretion, particularly according to the presence of DCs.
Keywords
Adaptive immunity; Atherosclerosis; Co-culture technique; Interleukin; Unsaturated fatty acids;
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