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http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2011.44.10.659

Ginsenoside Rh2(S) induces the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells through activation of PKD and p38 MAPK pathways  

Kim, Do-Yeon (Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University)
Jung, Mi-Song (Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University)
Park, Young-Guk (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University)
Yuan, Hai Dan (Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University)
Quan, Hai Yan (Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University)
Chung, Sung-Hyun (Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University)
Publication Information
BMB Reports / v.44, no.10, 2011 , pp. 659-664 More about this Journal
Abstract
As part of the search for biologically active anti-osteoporotic agents that enhance differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, we identified the ginsenoside Rh2(S), which is an active component in ginseng. Rh2(S) stimulates osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization, as manifested by the up-regulation of differentiation markers (alkaline phosphatase and osteogenic genes) and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Rh2(S) activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in time- and concentration-dependent manners, and Rh2(S)-induced differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic cells were totally inhibited in the presence of the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580. In addition, pretreatment with Go6976, a protein kinase D (PKD) inhibitor, significantly reversed the Rh2(S)-induced p38 MAPK activation, indicating that PKD might be an upstream kinase for p38 MAPK in MC3T3-E1 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that Rh2(S) induces the differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells through activation of PKD/p38 MAPK signaling pathways, and these findings provide a molecular basis for the osteogenic effect of Rh2(S).
Keywords
Differentiation and mineralization; Ginsenoside Rh2(S); MC3T3-E1 cells; Protein kinase D; p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase;
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