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http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1510.10074

RV-23, a Melittin-Related Peptide with Cell-Selective Antibacterial Activity and High Hemocompatibility  

Zhang, Shi-Kun (Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine)
Ma, Qian (Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine)
Li, Su-Bo (Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine)
Gao, Hong-Wei (Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine)
Tan, Ying-Xia (Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine)
Gong, Feng (Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine)
Ji, Shou-Ping (Department of Tissue Engineering, Institute of Transfusion Medicine)
Publication Information
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology / v.26, no.6, 2016 , pp. 1046-1056 More about this Journal
Abstract
RV-23 is a melittin-related antibacterial peptide (MRP) with lower cytotoxicity than either melittin or AR-23, another MRP. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of RV-23's antibacterial selectivity and its hemocompatibility. The results showed that all the peptides exhibited lytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with RV-23 showing the highest potency. Moreover, RV-23 had lower cytotoxicity than melittin or AR-23 at their minimal inhibitory concentration. In addition, CD experiments showed that melittin, RV-23, and AR-23 all had a typical α-helical structure, and RV-23 had the lowest α-helix content. The structural information showed that RV-23 has the lowest hydrophobicity and highest hydrophobic moment. Because hydrophobicity and α-helix content are believed to correlate with hemolysis, the results indicate that the selective lytic activity against bacteria of RV-23 may be due to its low hydrophobicity and α-helicity, which lead to low cytotoxicity without affecting antibacterial activity. Furthermore, RV-23 did not affect the structure and function of blood components such as red blood cells, platelets, albumin, and the blood coagulation system. In conclusion, RV-23 is a cell-selective antibacterial peptide with high hemocompatibility due to its unique structure.
Keywords
Melittin-related peptide; antibacterial peptide; melittin; AR-23; RV-23; blood compatibility;
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