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http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1407.07048

Protective Immunity of 56-kDa Type-Specific Antigen of Orientia tsutsugamushi Causing Scrub Typhus  

Choi, Sangho (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention)
Jeong, Hang Jin (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention)
Ju, Young Ran (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention)
Gill, Byoungchul (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention)
Hwang, Kyu-Jam (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention)
Lee, Jeongmin (Division of Zoonoses, Center for Immunology and Pathology, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention)
Publication Information
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology / v.24, no.12, 2014 , pp. 1728-1735 More about this Journal
Abstract
Scrub typhus, caused by infection with Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a mite-borne zoonotic disease endemic to the Asian-Pacific region. In Korea, the incidence of this disease has increased with climate changes, and over 10,000 cases of infection were reported in 2013. Although this infection is treatable with antibiotics such as doxycycline and azithromycin, an effective prophylactic vaccine against O. tsutsugamushi would be more desirable for preventing scrub typhus in endemic areas. In this study, we investigated the 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA56), which is a major outer membrane protein of O. tsutsugamushi, as a vaccine candidate. Intranasal immunization of recombinant TSA56 (rec56) induced a higher level of TSA56-specific IgG than that induced by intramuscular immunization of tsa56-expressing DNA (p56). Both types of immunization induced a cell-mediated immune response to TSA56, as demonstrated by the splenic cell proliferation assay. Mice immunized with p56, followed by rec56 plus heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit from E. coli, had a stronger protection from a homologous challenge with the O. tsutsugamushi Boryong strain than with other combinations. Our preliminary results suggest that an effective human vaccine for scrub typhus can include either recombinant TSA56 protein or tsa56-expressing DNA, and provide the basis for further studies to optimize vaccine performance using additional antigens or different adjuvants.
Keywords
Scrub typhus; Orientia tsutsugamushi; 56-kDa type-specific antigen (TSA56); vaccination;
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