Browse > Article

Bacterial Dynamics of Biofilm Development During Toluene Degradation by Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4 in a Gas Phase Membrane Bioreactor  

Kumar, Amit (Research Group of EnVOC, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University)
Dewulf, Jo (Research Group of EnVOC, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University)
Wiele, Tom Van De (Laboratory Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University)
Langenhove, Herman Van (Research Group of EnVOC, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University)
Publication Information
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology / v.19, no.9, 2009 , pp. 1028-1033 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, the dynamics of living cells (LC) and dead cells (DC) in a laboratory-scale biofilm membrane bioreactor for waste gas treatment was examined. Toluene was used as a model pollutant. The bacterial cells were enumerated as fluoromicroscopic counts during a 140 operating day period using BacLight nucleic acid staining in combination with epifluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CSLM). Overall, five different phases could be distinguished during the biofilm development: (A) cell attachment, (B) pollutant limitation, (C) biofilm establishment and colonization, (D) colonized biofilm, and (E) biofilm erosion. The bioreactor was operated under different conditions by applying different pollutant concentrations. An optimum toluene removal of 89% was observed at a loading rate of 14.4 kg $m^{-3}d^{-1}$. A direct correlation between the biodegradation rate of the reactor and the dynamics of biofilm development could be demonstrated. This study shows the first description of biofilm development during gaseous toluene degradation in MBR.
Keywords
Biodegradation; membrane bioreactor; cell viability; microbial biofilm; toluene; CLSM; VOC;
Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By Web Of Science : 2  (Related Records In Web of Science)
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Boulos, L., M. Prevost, B. Barbeau, J. Coallier, and R. Desjardins. 1999. $LIVE/DEAD^{{\circledR}}$ $BacLight^{TM$: Application of a new rapid staining method for direct enumeration of viable and total bacteria in drinking water. J. Microbiol. Meth. 37: 77-86   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Costerton, J. W., Z. Lewandowski, D. E. Caldwell, D. R. Korber, and H. M. Lappin-Scott. 1995. Microbial biofilms. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 49: 711-745   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Lloyd, D. and A. H. Vigour. 1995. Vitality and viability of microorganisms. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 133: 1-7   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Mirpuri, R., W. Jones, and J. D. Bryers. 1997. Toluene degradation kinetics for planktonic and biofilm-grown cells of Pseudomonas putida 54G. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 53: 535-546   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Okkerse, W., S. Ottengraf, R. Diks, B. Osinga-Kuipers, and P. Jacobs. 1999. Long term performance of biotrickling filters removing a mixture of volatile organics from an artificial waste gas: Dichloromethane and methylmethacrylate. Bioproc. Eng. 20: 49-57   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Schonduve, P., M. Sara, and A. Friedl. 1996. Influence of physiologically relevant parameters on biomass formation in a trickle-bed bioreactor used for water gas cleaning. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 45: 286-292   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Villaverde, S. and M. Fernandez. 1997. Non-toluene-associated respiration in a Pseudomonas putida 54G biofilm grown on toluene in a flat vapor bioreactor. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 48: 357-362   DOI   ScienceOn
8 APHA. 1980. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water. 15th Ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC
9 Lawrence, J. R., D. R. Korber, B. D. Hoyle, J. W. Costerton, and D. E. Caldwell. 1993. Optical sectioning of microbial biofilms. J. Bacteriol. 173: 6558-6567
10 Schroeder, E. D. 2002. Trends in application of gas-phase bioreactor. ReV. Environ. Sci. Bio/Technol. 1: 65-74   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Neu, T. R. and J. R. Lawrence. 1997. Development and structure of microbial biofilms in river water studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 24: 11-25   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Tolker-Nielsen, T. and S. Molin. 2000. Spatial organization of microbial biofilm communities. Microb. Ecol. 40: 75-84   PUBMED   ScienceOn
13 Kumar, A., J. Dewulf, M. Luvsanjamba, and H. Van Langenhove. 2008. Continuous operation of membrane bioreactor treating toluene vapors by Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4. Chem. Eng. J. 140: 193-200   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Kumar, A., J. Dewulf, A. Vercruyssen, and H. Van Langenhove. 2008. Performance of a composite membrane bioreactor treating toluene vapors: Inocula selection, reactor performance and behavior under transient conditions. Biores. Technol. (accepted)
15 Characklis, W. 1981. Fouling biofilm development: A process analysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 23: 1923-1960   DOI
16 Kirchner, K., S. Wagner, and H. J. Rehm. 1992. Exhaust gas purification using biocatalysts (fixed bacteria monocultures) - the influence of biofilm diffusion rate ($O_2$) on the overall reaction rate. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 37: 277-279
17 Van Langenhove, H., I. De Bo, P. Jacobs, K. Demeestere, and J. Dewulf. 2004. A membrane bioreactor for the removal of dimethyl sulphide and toluene from waste air. Wat. Sci. Technol. 50: 215-224
18 Villaverde, S., R. G. Mirpuri, Z. Lewandowski, and W. L. Jones. 1997. Physiological and chemical gradients in a Pseudomonas putida 54G biofilm degrading toluene in a flat plate vapor phase bioreactor. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 56: 361-371   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Singh, R., D. Paul, and R. K. Jain. 2006. Biofilms: Implications in bioremediation. Trends Microbiol. 14: 389-397   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Love, N. and P. Grady. 1995. Impact of growth in benzoate and m-toluate liquid media on culturability of Pseudomonas putida on benzoate and toluate plates. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61: 3142-3144   PUBMED   ScienceOn
21 Leuko, S., A. Legat, S. Fendrihan, and H. Stan-Lotter. 2004. Evaluation of the LIVE/DEAD BacLight kit for detection of extremophilic Archaea and visualisation of microorganisms in environmental hypersaline samples. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70: 6884-6886   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Jones, W., R. G. Mirpuri, S. Villaverde, Z. Lewandowski, and A. Cunningham. 1997. The effect of bacterial injury on toluene degradation and respiration rates in vapor phase bioreactors. Wat. Sci. Tech. 36: 85-92
23 Kumar, A., J. Dewulf, and H. Van Langenhove. 2008. Membrane based biological waste gas treatment. Chem. Eng. J. 136: 82-91   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Amann, R. I., W. Ludwig, and K. H. Scleifer. 1995. Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation. Microbiol. Rev. 59: 143- 469   PUBMED   ScienceOn
25 Duffy, G. and J. J. Sheridan. 1998. Viability staining in a direct count rapid method for the determination of total viable counts on processed meats. J. Microbiol. Meth. 31: 167-174   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Moller, S., D. Korber, G. Wolfaardt, S. Molin, and D. Caldwell. 1997. Impact of nutrient composition on a degradative biofilm community. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 2432-2438   PUBMED   ScienceOn