[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/jmb.0804.268

Functional Analysis of MCNA, a Gene Encoding a Catalytic Subunit of Calcineurin, in the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

Choi, Jin-Hee (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, and Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, Seoul National University)
Kim, Yang-Seon (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, and Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, Seoul National University)
Lee, Yong-Hwan (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, and Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, Seoul National University)

Publication Information

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology / v.19, no.1, 2009 , pp. 11-16 More about this Journal

Abstract

Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast, forms a specialized infection structure, called an appressorium, which is crucial for penetration and infection of the host plant. Pharmacological data suggest that calcium/calmodulindependent signaling is involved in appressorium formation in this fungus. To understand the role of the calcium/calmodulin-activated protein phosphatase on appressorium formation at the molecular level, MCNA, a gene encoding the catalytic subunit of calcineurin, was functionally characterized in M. oryzae. Transformants expressing sense/antisense RNA of MCNA exhibited significant reductions in mycelial growth, conidiation, appressorium formation, and pathogenicity. cDNA of MCNA functionally complemented a calcineurin disruptant strain (cmp1::LEU2 cmp2::HIS3) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These data suggest that calcineurin A plays important roles in signal transduction pathways involved in the infection-related morphogenesis and pathogenicity of M. oryzae.

Keywords

Calcineurin; Magnaporthe oryzae; calmodulin; protein phosphatase; sense/antisense; appressorium;

Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By KSCI : 2 (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 0 (Related Records In Web of Science)

Reference
Cited By KSCI

1	Bencina, M., M. Legisa, and N. D. Read. 2005. Cross-talk between cAMP and calcium signalling in Aspergillus niger. Mol. Microbiol. 56: 268-281 DOI ScienceOn
2	Gilbert, R. D., A. M. Johnson, and R. A. Dean. 1996. Chemical signals responsible for appressorium formation in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Physiol. Molec. Plant Pathol. 48: 335-346 DOI ScienceOn
3	Hamer, J. E. and N. J. Talbot. 1998. Infection-related development in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 1: 693-697 DOI ScienceOn
4	Juvvadi, P. R., Y. Kuroki, M. Arioka, H. Nakajima, and K. Kitamoto. 2003. Functional analysis of the calcineurin-encoding gene cnaA from Aspergillus oryzae: Evidence for its putative role in stress adaptation. Arch. Microbiol. 179: 416-422 DOI PUBMED ScienceOn
5	Kadotani, N., H. Nakayashiki, Y. Tosa, and S. Mayama. 2003. RNA silencing in the phytopathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 16: 769-776 DOI ScienceOn
6	Kafadar, K. A. and M. S. Cyert. 2004. Integration of stress responses: Modulation of calcineurin signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by protein kinase A. Eukaryot. Cell 3: 1147-1153 DOI ScienceOn
7	Lee, S. C. and Y. H. Lee. 1998. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent signaling for appressorium formation in the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Mol. Cells 8: 698-704 PUBMED ScienceOn
8	Leung, H., U. Lehtinen, R. Karjalainen, D. Skinner, P. Tooley, S. Leong, and A. Ellingboe. 1990. Transformation of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea to hygromycin B resistance. Curr. Genet. 17: 409-411 DOI ScienceOn
9	Odom, A., S. Muir, E. Lim, D. L. Toffaletti, J. Perfect, and J. Heitman. 1997. Calcineurin is required for virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. EMBO J. 16: 2576-2589 DOI ScienceOn
10	Rasmussen, C., C. Garen, S. Brining, R. L. Kincaid, R. L. Means, and A. R. Means. 1994. The calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase catalytic subunit (calcineurin A) is an essential gene in Aspergillus nidulans. EMBO J. 13: 3917-3924 PUBMED ScienceOn
11	Rusnak, F. and P. Mertz. 2000. Calcineurin: Form and function. Physiol. Rev. 80: 1483-1521 DOI PUBMED ScienceOn
12	Steinbach, W. J., R. A. Cramer, Jr., B. Z. Perfect, Y. G. Asfaw, T. C. Sauer, L. K. Najvar, et al. 2006. Calcineurin controls growth, morphology, and pathogenicity in Aspergillus fumigatus. Eukaryot. Cell 5: 1091-1103 DOI ScienceOn
13	Viaud, M. C., P. V. Balhadere, and N. J. Talbot. 2002. A Magnaporthe grisea cyclophilin acts as a virulence determinant during plant infection. Plant Cell 14: 917-930 DOI ScienceOn
14	Wesley, S. V., C. A. Helliwell, N. A. Smith, M. B. Wang, D. T. Rouse, Q. Liu, et al. 2001. Construct design for efficient, effective and high-throughput gene silencing in plants. Plant J. 27:581-590 DOI ScienceOn
15	Xu, J. R. and J. E. Hamer. 1996. MAP kinase and cAMP signaling regulate infection structure formation and pathogenic growth in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Genes Dev.10: 2696-2706 DOI ScienceOn
16	Bader, T., B. Bodendorfer, K. Schroppel, and J. Morschhauser. 2003. Calcineurin is essential for virulence in Candida albicans. Infect. Immun. 71: 5344-5354 DOI ScienceOn
17	Lee, Y.-H. and R. A. Dean. 1993. cAMP regulates infection structure formation in the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Plant Cell 5: 693-700 DOI ScienceOn
18	Mendoza, I., F. J. Quintero, R. A. Bressan, P. M. Hasegawa, and J. M. Pardo. 1996. Activated calcineurin confers high tolerance to ion stress and alters the budding pattern and cell morphology of yeast cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 23061-23067 DOI ScienceOn
19	Bok, J. W., T. Sone, L. B. Silverman-Gavrila, R. R. Lew, F. J. Bowring, D. E. Catcheside, and A. J. Griffiths. 2001. Structure and function analysis of the calcium-related gene spray in Neurospora crassa. Fungal Genet. Biol. 32: 145-158 DOI ScienceOn
20	Nakamura, T., Y. Liu, D. Hirata, H. Namba, S. Harada, T. Hirokawa, and T. Miyakawa. 1993. Protein phosphatase type 2B (calcineurin)-mediated, FK506-sensitive regulation of intracellular ions in yeast is an important determinant for adaptation to high salt stress conditions. EMBO J. 12: 4063-4071 PUBMED ScienceOn
21	Liu, Z. M. and P. E. Kolattukudy. 1999. Early expression of the calmodulin gene, which precedes appressorium formation in Magnaporthe grisea, is inhibited by self-inhibitors and requires surface attachment. J. Bacteriol. 181: 3571-3577 PUBMED ScienceOn
22	Liu, S. and R. A. Dean. 1997. G protein alpha subunit genes control growth, development, and pathogenicity of Magnaporthe grisea. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 10: 1075-1086 DOI PUBMED ScienceOn
23	Pallen, C. J. and J. H. Wang. 1983. Calmodulin-stimulated dephosphorylation of para-nitrophenyl phosphate and free phosphotyrosine by calcineurin. J. Biol. Chem. 258: 8550-8553 PUBMED
24	Adachi, K. and J. E. Hamer. 1998. Divergent cAMP signaling pathways regulate growth and pathogenesis in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Plant Cell 10: 1361-1374 DOI ScienceOn
25	Viaud, M., A. Brunet-Simon, Y. Brygoo, J. M. Pradier, and C. Levis. 2003. Cyclophilin A and calcineurin functions investigated by gene inactivation, cyclosporin A inhibition and cDNA arrays approaches in the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Mol. Microbiol. 50: 1451-1465 DOI ScienceOn
26	Davis, K. R. and F. M. Ausubel. 1989. Characterization of elicitor-induced defense responses in suspension-cultured cells of Arabidopsis. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 2: 363-368 DOI
27	Moore, T. M., P. M. Chetham, J. J. Kelly, and T. Stevens. 1998. Signal transduction and regulation of lung endothelial cell permeability. Interaction between calcium and cAMP. Am. J. Physiol. 275: L203-L222 DOI PUBMED ScienceOn
28	Fire, A., S. Xu, M. K. Montgomery, S. A. Kostas, S. E. Driver, and C. C. Mello. 1998. Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 391: 806-811 DOI ScienceOn
29	Lee, Y.-H. and R. A. Dean. 1994. Hydrophobicity of contact surface induces appressorium formation in Magnaporthe grisea. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 115: 71-75 DOI ScienceOn
30	Dickman, M. B. and O. Yarden. 1999. Serine/threonine protein kinases and phosphatases in filamentous fungi. Fungal Genet. Biol. 26: 99-117 DOI ScienceOn
31	Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, NY, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
32	Juvvadi, P. R., M. Arioka, H. Nakajima, and K. Kitamoto. 2001. Cloning and sequence analysis of cnaA gene encoding the catalytic subunit of calcineurin from Aspergillus oryzae. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 204: 169-174 DOI ScienceOn
33	Mendoza, I., F. Rubio, A. Rodriguez-Navarro, and J. M. Pardo. 1994. The protein phosphatase calcineurin is essential for NaCl tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 269:8792-8796 PUBMED ScienceOn
34	Prokisch, H., O. Yarden, M. Dieminger, M. Tropschug, and I. B. Barthelmess. 1997. Impairment of calcineurin function in Neurospora crassa reveals its essential role in hyphal growth, morphology and maintenance of the apical $Ca^{2+}$ gradient. Mol. Gen. Genet. 256: 104-114 DOI ScienceOn
35	Kim, S., I. P. Ahn, H. S. Rho, and Y. H. Lee. 2005. MHP1, a Magnaporthe grisea hydrophobin gene, is required for fungal development and plant colonization. Mol. Microbiol. 57: 1224-1237 DOI ScienceOn
36	Bae, C. Y., S. Kim, W. B. Choi, and Y. H. Lee. 2007. Involvement of extracellular matrix and integrin-like proteins on conidial adhesion and appressorium differentiation in Magnaporthe oryzae. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 17: 1198-1203 과학기술학회마을 PUBMED ScienceOn
37	Talbot, N. J., D. J. Ebbole, and J. E. Hamer. 1993. Identification and characterization of MPG1, a gene involved in pathogenicity from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Plant Cell 5:1575-1590 DOI ScienceOn
38	Harel, A., S. Bercovich, and O. Yarden. 2006. Calcineurin is required for sclerotial development and pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in an oxalic acid-independent manner. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 19: 682-693 DOI ScienceOn
39	Choi, G. H., B. Chen, and D. L. Nuss. 1995. Virus-mediated or transgenic suppression of a G-protein alpha subunit and attenuation of fungal virulence. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 305-309 DOI ScienceOn
40	Ou, S. H. 1985. Rice Diseases. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, U.K
41	Yi, M. and Y. H. Lee. 2008. Identification of genes encoding heat shock protein 40 family and the functional characterization of two Hsp40s, MHF16, and MHF21, in Magnaporthe oryzae. Plant Pathol. J. 24: 131-142 과학기술학회마을 DOI ScienceOn

12	Seryun Kim. (2009) PLoS genetics Homeobox Transcription Factors Are Required for Conidiation and Appressorium Development in the Rice Blast Fungus <I>Magnaporthe oryzae</I> / 5 (12) , e1000757
4	(2009) Current fungal infection reports On the Roles of Calcineurin in Fungal Growth and Pathogenesis / 4 (4) , 244
5	(2009) PLoS pathogens Combining ChIP-chip and Expression Profiling to Model the MoCRZ1 Mediated Circuit for Ca <SUP>2+</SUP> /Calcineurin Signaling in the Rice Blast Fungus / 6 (5) , e1000909
1	(2009) The plant pathology journal A Short-chain Dehydrogenase/reductase Gene is Required for Infection-related Development and Pathogenicity in Magnaporthe oryzae / 26 (1) , 8
2	(2011) Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI Response to Environmental Stresses, Cell-wall Integrity, and Virulence Are Orchestrated Through the Calcineurin Pathway in <I>Ustilago hordei</I> / 24 (2) , 219
6	(2009) G3 : genes - genomes - genetics Convergent Evolution of Calcineurin Pathway Roles in Thermotolerance and Virulence in <I>Candida glabrata</I> / 2 (6) , 675
8	(2009) PLoS ONE Calcineurin Is Required for Pseudohyphal Growth, Virulence, and Drug Resistance in <I>Candida lusitaniae</I> / 7 (8) , e44192
11	(2009) PLoS ONE Functional Characterization of Calcineurin Homologs <I>PsCNA1/PsCNB1</I> in <I>Puccinia striiformis</I> f. sp. <I>tritici</I> Using a Host-Induced RNAi System / 7 (11) , e49262
11	(2009) Environmental microbiology The tetraspanin gene MaPls1 contributes to virulence by affecting germination, appressorial function and enzymes for cuticle degradation in the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium acridum / 15 (11) , 2966
8	(2013) PLoS pathogens Phosphorylation of Calcineurin at a Novel Serine-Proline Rich Region Orchestrates Hyphal Growth and Virulence in <I>Aspergillus fumigatus</I> / 9 (8) , e1003564
3	(2009) G3 : genes - genomes - genetics Calcineurin Governs Thermotolerance and Virulence of <I>Cryptococcus gattii</I> / 3 (3) , 527
1	(2009) Current genetics A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A catalytic subunit is essential for asexual development and plant infection in Magnaporthe oryzae / 59 (1) , 33
6	Jong-Hwan Shin. (2014) Genes & genomics Genome-wide analyses of DNA-binding proteins harboring AT-hook motifs and their functional roles in the rice blast pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae / 36 (6) , 871
5	(2009) Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI Pleiotropic Function of the Putative Zinc-Finger Protein MoMsn2 in <I>Magnaporthe oryzae</I> / 27 (5) , 446
4	Sunghyung Kong. (2009) Environmental microbiology Systematic characterization of the bZIP transcription factor gene family in the rice blast fungus, <I>M</I><I>agnaporthe oryzae</I> / 17 (4) , 1425
4	(2015) Pathogens Calcineurin Orchestrates Hyphal Growth, Septation, Drug Resistance and Pathogenesis of <I>Aspergillus fumigatus</I> : Where Do We Go from Here? / 4 (4) , 883
3	(2016) PLoS ONE Calcineurin Subunits A and B Interact to Regulate Growth and Asexual and Sexual Development in <I>Neurospora crassa</I> / 11 (3) , e0151867
2	(2009) Virulence Calcineurin in fungal virulence and drug resistance: Prospects for harnessing targeted inhibition of calcineurin for an antifungal therapeutic approach / 8 (2) , 186
6	(2009) Virulence The putative flavin carrier family FlcA-C is important for<I>Aspergillus fumigatus</I>virulence / 8 (6) , 797
3	(2009) Mycology : an international journal on fungal biology Regulatory network of genes associated with stimuli sensing, signal transduction and physiological transformation of appressorium in <I>Magnaporthe oryzae</I> / 9 (3) , 211
4	(2009) Research in plant disease Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes by cDNA-AFLP in Magnaporthe oryzae / 25 (4) , 205
2	(2009) Journal of dietary supplements 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid as an Ergogenic Aid During Intensified Soccer Training: A Placebo Controlled Randomized Study / 17 (2) , 161
None	(2021) Frontiers in microbiology Characterization of the MYB Genes Reveals Insights Into Their Evolutionary Conservation, Structural Diversity, and Functional Roles in Magnaporthe oryzae / 12 (None) , 721530
1	(2009) Mycology : an international journal on fungal biology Calcium signaling is involved in diverse cellular processes in fungi / 12 (1) , 10