Browse > Article

Salmonella typhimurium LPS Confers Its Resistance to Antibacterial Agents of Baicalin of Scutellaria baicalensis George and Novobiocin: Complementation of the rfaE Gene Required for ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose Biosynthesis of Lipopolysaccharide  

Chung, Tae-Wook (National Research Laboratory for Glycobiology, Ministry of Science and Technology of Korean Government and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dongguk University COM)
Jin, Un-Ho (National Research Laboratory for Glycobiology, Ministry of Science and Technology of Korean Government and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dongguk University COM)
Kim, Cheorl-Ho (National Research Laboratory for Glycobiology, Ministry of Science and Technology of Korean Government and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dongguk University COM)
Publication Information
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology / v.13, no.4, 2003 , pp. 564-570 More about this Journal
Abstract
The antibacterial mechanism of enterobacter Salmonella typhimurium was studied. The rfa (Waa) gene cluster of S. typhimurium encodes the core oligosaccharide biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Among the rfa gene cluster, we recently cloned the rfaE gene, which is involved in ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis. The rfaE mutant synthesizes heptose-deficient LPS, which consists of only lipid A and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO), thus making an incomplete LPS and a rough phenotype mutant. S. typhimurium deep-rough mutants with the heptose region of the inner core show a reduced growth rate, sensitivity to high temperature, and hypersensitivity to hydrophobic antibiotics such as baicalin isolated from the medicinal herb of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Thus, in this study, the cloned rfaE gene was added to the S. typhimurium rfaE mutant strain SL1102 (rfaE543), which makes heptose-deficient LPS and has a deep-rough phenotype. The complementation created a smooth phenotype in the SL1102 strain. The sensitivity of SL1102 to bacteriophages was also recovered to that of wild-type strain, indicating that LPS is used as the receptor for bacteriophage infection. The permeability barrier of SL1102 to hydrophobic antibiotics such as novobiocin and baicalin was restored to that of the wild-type, suggesting that antibiotic resistance of the wild-type strain is highly correlated with their LPS. Through an agar diffusion assay, the growth-inhibition activity of baicalin was fully observed in the mutant SL1102 strain. However, only a half of the inhibitory activity was detected in the rfaE complemented SL1102 strain. Furthermore, the LPS produced by the rfaE-complemented SL1102 strain was indistinguishable from LPS biosynthesis of smooth strains.
Keywords
Bacterial resistance; baicalin; rfaE gene; Salmonella typhimurium; core oligosaccharide; lipopolysaccharide (LPS); ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose; complementation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 9  (Related Records In Web of Science)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Flavones from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi attenuate apoptosis and protein oxidation in neuronal cell lines /
[ Choi,J.;C.C.Conrad;C.A.Malakowsky;J.M.Talent;C.S.Yuan;R.W.Gracy ] / Biochim. Biophys. Acta   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Lipoxygenase inhibition induced apoptosis, morphological changes, and carbonic anhydrase expression in human pancreatic cancer cells /
[ Ding,X.Z.;C.A.Charles;T.H.Kuszynski;T.H.El-Metwally;T.E.Adrian ] / Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Molecular cloning and functional expression of the rfaE gene required for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in Salmonella typhimurium /
[ Jin,U.H.;T.W.Chung;Y.C.Lee;S.D.Ha;C.H.Kim ] / Glycoconjugate J.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 The rfaC gene of salmonella typhimurium. Cloning, sequencing, and enzymatic function in heptose transfer to lipopolysaccharide /
[ Sirisena,D.M.;K.A.Brozek;P.R.MacLachlan;K.E.Sanderson;C.R.H.Raetz ] / J. Biol. Chem.
5 A sensitive silver stain for detecting lipopolysaccharides in polyacrylamide gels /
[ Tsai,C.M.;C.E.Frasch ] / Anal. Biochem.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Molecular cloning and characterization of the nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae 2019 rfaE gene required for lipopolysacharide biosynthesis /
[ Lee,N.G.;M.G.Sunshine;M.A.Apicella ] / Infect. Immun.
7 /
[ Ausubel,F.M.;R.Brent;R.E.Kingston;D.D.Moore;J.G.Seidman;J.A.Smith;K.Struhl ] / Current Protocols in Molecular Biology
8 Leakage of periplasmic enzymes from lipopolysacharide-defectiv mutants of Salmonella typhimurium /
[ Chatterjee,A.K.;K.E.Sanderson;H.Ross;S.Schlecht;O.Luderitz ] / Can. J. Microbiol.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids /
[ Hanahan,D. ] / J. Mol. Biol.   DOI
10 Role of the rfaG and rfaP genes in determining the lipopolysaccharide core structure and cell surface properties of Escherichia coli K-12 /
[ Parker,C.T.;A.W.Kloser;C.A.Schnaitman;M.A.Stein;S.Gottesman;B.W.Gibson ] / J. Bacteriol.
11 Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4 /
[ Laemmli,U.K. ] / Nature(London)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 /
[ Sambrook,J.;E.F.Fritsch;T.Maniatis ] / Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
13 Inhibition of human T cell leukemia virus by the plant flavonoid baicalin (7-glucuronic acid, 5,6-dihydroxyflavone) /
[ Baylor,N.W.;T.Fu;Y.D.Yan;F.W.Ruscetti ] / J. Infect. Dis.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis /
[ Rick,P.D.;F.C.Neidhardt(ed.);J.L.Ingraham(ed.);K.B.Low(ed.);B.Magasanik(ed.);M.A.Schaechter(ed.);H.E.Umbarger(ed.) ] / Escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium: Cellular and Molecular Biology
15 Single-disk diffusion testing (Kirby-Bauer) of susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis to chloramphenicol:Significance of the intermediate category /
[ Furtado,G.L.;A.A.Medeiros ] / J. Clin. Microbiol.
16 Non-smooth mutants of Salomonella typhimurium: Differentiation by phage sensitivity and genetic mapping /
[ Wilkinson,R.G.;P.Gemski;B.A.D.Stocker ] / J. Gen. Microbiol.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 /
[ Morrison,D.C.;J.L.Ryan ] / Bacterial Endotoxic Lipopolysaccharides
18 Enzymatic synthesis of lipopolysaccharide in Escherichia coli. Purification and properties of heptosyltransferase i /
[ Kadrmas,J.L.;C.R.H.Raetz ] / J. Biol. Chem.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Bacterial lipopolysacharides:A remarkable family of bioactive macroamphiphiles /
[ Raetz,C.R.H;Neidhardt,F.C.(ed.);R.Curtiss(ed.);J.L.Ingraham(ed.);E..C.Lin(ed.);K.B.Low(ed.) ] / Escherichia coli and salmonella. Cellular and Molecular Biology
20 Prediction of the secondary structure of the afgA subunit of Salomonella enteritidis overexpressed as an MBP-fused protein /
[ Won,M.S.;S.Y.Kim;S.H.Lee;C.J.Kim;H.S.Kim;M.H.Jun;K.B.Song ] / J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.   과학기술학회마을
21 Intestinal colonization characteristics of lactobacillus spp. isolated from chicken cecum and competitive inhibition against Salmonella typhimurium /
[ Shin,J.W.;J.K.Kang;K.I.Jang;K.Y.Kim ] / J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.   과학기술학회마을
22 The rfaD gene codes for ADP-L- glycero-D-mannoheptose-6-epimerase. An enzyme required for lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis /
[ Coleman,W.G. ] / J. Biol. Chem.
23 Genetics of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in enteric bacteria /
[ Schnaitman,C.A.;J.D.Klena ] / Microbiol. Rev.
24 Morphological heterogeneity among Salmonella lipopolysaccharide chemotypes in silver-stained polyacrylamide gels /
[ Hitchcock,P.J.;T.M.Brown ] / J. Bacteriol.
25 Characterization of a cell line HFH-T2, proucing viral particles, from primary human fetal hepatocytes infected with hepatitis B virus /
[ Shim,J.K.;D.W.Kim;T.H.Chung;J.K.Kim;J.I.Suh;C.Park;Y.C.Lee;T.W.Chung;E.Y.Song;C.H.Kim ] / J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.   과학기술학회마을
26 Molecular basis for structural diversity in the core regions of the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica /
[ Heinrichs,D.E.;J.A.Yethon;C.Whitfield ] / Mol. Microbiol.   DOI   ScienceOn