Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3837/tiis.2014.03.009

Bitmap-based Prefix Caching for Fast IP Lookup  

Kim, Jinsoo (Department of Computer Engineering, Konkuk University)
Ko, Myeong-Cheol (Department of Computer Engineering, Konkuk University)
Nam, Junghyun (Department of Computer Engineering, Konkuk University)
Kim, Junghwan (Department of Computer Engineering, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS) / v.8, no.3, 2014 , pp. 873-889 More about this Journal
Abstract
IP address lookup is very crucial in performance of routers. Several works have been done on prefix caching to enhance the performance of IP address lookup. Since a prefix represents a range of IP addresses, a prefix cache shows better performance than an IP address cache. However, not every prefix is cacheable in itself. In a prefix cache it causes false hit to cache a non-leaf prefix because there is possibly the longer matching prefix in the routing table. Prefix expansion techniques such as complete prefix tree expansion (CPTE) make it possible to cache the non-leaf prefixes as the expanded forms, but it is hard to manage the expanded prefixes. The expanded prefixes sometimes incur a great deal of update overhead in a routing table. We propose a bitmap-based prefix cache (BMCache) to provide low update overhead as well as low cache miss ratio. The proposed scheme does not have any expanded prefixes in the routing table, but it can expand a non-leaf prefix using a bitmap on caching time. The trace-driven simulation shows that BMCache has very low miss ratio in spite of its low update overhead compared to other schemes.
Keywords
IP address lookup; routing table; prefix expansion; prefix cache; bitmap-based caching;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Z. Huang, G. Liu, and J.-K. Peir, "Greedy Prefix Cache for IP Routing Lookups," in Proc. of 10th International Symposium on Pervasive Systems, Algorithms, and Networks (ISPAN), pp. 92-97, Dec. 2009.
2 W. Zhang, J. Bi, J. Wu, and B. Zhang, "Caching Popular BGP Prefixes with Grey Modeling Prediction," in Proc. of 20th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN), pp. 1-6, Aug. 2011.
3 W.-L. Shyu, C.-S. Wu, and T.-C. Hou, "Aligned prefix caching based on singleton information," Computer Networks, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 871-884, 2005.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 I. L. Chvets and M. MacGregor, "Multi-zone caches for accelerating IP routing table lookups," Merging Optical and IP Technologies Workshop on High Performance Switching and Routng, pp. 121-126, May 2002.
5 S. Kasnavi, P. Berube, V. Gaudet and J. N. Amaral, "A cache-based internet protocol address lookup architecture," Computer Networks, pp. 303-326, vol. 52, issue 2, Feb. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 L. Peng, W. Lu, and L. Duan, "Power Efficient IP Lookup with Supernode Caching," in Proc. of IEEE GLOBECOM '07, pp. 215-219, Nov. 2007.
7 S. Ravinder, M.A. Nascimento, and M.H. MacGregor, "Two-level cache architecture to reduce memory accesses for IP lookups," in Proc. of International Conference on Teletraffic Congress (ITC), pp. 278-285, Sep. 2011.
8 V. Srinivasan and G. Varghese, "Fast Address Lookups Using Controlled Prefix Expansion," ACM Trans. Computer Systems, 1999.
9 M. A. Ruiz-Sanchez, Ernst W. Biersack, and Walid Dabbous, "Survey and taxonomy of IP address lookup algorithms", IEEE Network, vol. 15, issue 2, pp. 8-23, March-April 2001.
10 APNIC prefix table, http://thyme.apnic.net/ap-data/2011/08/25.
11 The CAIDA UCSD Anonymized Internet Traces 2011 - Aug 25 and May 19 http://www.caida.org/data/passive/passive_2011_dataset.xml.
12 W.-L. Shyu, C.-S. Wu, and T.-C. Hou, "Efficiency analyses on routing cache replacement algorithms," in Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), vol. 4, pp. 2232-2236, April-May 2002.
13 W. Shi, M. MacGregor, P. Gburzynski, "On temporal locality in IP address sequences," IEICE Transactions on Communications, E86-B (11), pp. 3352-3354, 2003.
14 T. Chiueh and P. Pradhan, "High performance IP routing table lookup using CPU caching," in Proc. of IEEE conference on Computer Communication (INFOCOM), pp. 1421-1428, Mar. 1999.
15 T. Chiueh and P. Pradhan, "Cache memory design for network processors," in Proc. of International Symp. on High Performance Computer Architecture, pp. 409-419, Jan. 2000.
16 H. Liu, "Routing prefix caching in network processor design," in Proc. of International Conf. on Computer Communications and Networks, Oct. 2001.
17 M. J. Akhbarizadeh and M. Nourani, "Efficient prefix cache for network processors," 12th Annual IEEE Symp. on High Performance Interconnects, pp. 41-46, Aug. 2004.
18 G.-s. Zhu, S.-h. Yu, and J.-y. Dai , "An Active Routing Prefix Caching Algorithm for IP Address Lookup," in Proc. of International Conf. on ChinaCOM 2009, pp. 1-6, Aug. 2009.