Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.1.022

Production of Gluconic Acid by Some Local Fungi  

Shindia, A.A. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University)
El-Sherbeny, G.A. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University)
El-Esawy, A.E. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University)
Sheriff, Y.M.M.M. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University)
Publication Information
Mycobiology / v.34, no.1, 2006 , pp. 22-29 More about this Journal
Abstract
Forty-one fungal species belonging to 15 fungal genera isolated from Egyptian soil and sugar cane waste samples were tested for their capacity of producing acidity and gluconic acid. For the tests, the fungi were grown on glucose substrate and culture filtrates were examined using paper chromatography analysis. Most of the tested fungi have a relative wide potentiality for total acid production in their filtrates. Nearly 51% of them showed their ability of producing gluconic acid. Aspergillus niger was distinguishable from other species by its capacity to produce substantial amounts of gluconic acid when it was cultivated on a selective medium. The optimized cultural conditions for gluconic acid yields were using submerged culture at $30^{\circ}C$ at initial pH 6.0 for 7 days of incubation. Among the various concentrations of substrate used, glucose (14%, w/v) was found to be the most suitable carbon source for maximal gluconic acid during fermentation. Maximum values of fungal biomass (10.02 g/l) and gluconic acid (58.46 g/l) were obtained when the fungus was grown with 1% peptone as sole nitrogen source. Influence of the concentration of some inorganic salts as well as the rate of aeration on the gluconic acid and biomass production is also described.
Keywords
Gluconic acid production; Aspergillus niger; acidity;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Teskova, K. and Vicheva, A. 1993. Kinetics of the gluconic acid biosynthesis by strain Aspergillus niger 13, 37. Acta. Microbial. Bulg. 30: 51-55
2 Vassilve, N. B., Vassilve, M. C. H. and Spessova, D. I. 1993. Production of gluconic acid by Aspergillus niger immobilized on polyurethane foam. Appl. Microbiol. Biotech. 39: 385-288
3 Velizarov, S. and Bechkov, V. 1994. Production of free gluconic acid by cells of Gluconobacter oxidans. Biotechnol. Lett. 16: 715-720   DOI
4 Moresi, M., Parente, E. and Mazzatura, A. 1992. Gluconic acid production from grape must surplus by immobilized mycelia of Aspergillus niger. Annali. Microbiol- ed- Enzimologia. 42: 173-184
5 Carmichael, J. W., Brycekendrick, W., Conners, I. L. and Sigler, L. 1980. Genera of Hyphomycetes. The Univ. of Alberta Press, Canada
6 El-Enshasy, H. A. 2003. Production of gluconic acid by free and immobilized cells of recombinant Aspergillus niger in batch cultures. Egypt. J. Biotechnol. 13: 187-201
7 Barron, G. L. 1998. The general of Hyphomycetes from soil. The Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, USA
8 Cochrane, V. W. 1958: Physiology of fungi. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. London
9 Domsch, K. H., Gams, W. and Anderson, T. 1980. Compendium of soil fungi, Academic Press
10 El-Naghy, M. A. and Megalla, S. E. 1975. Gluconic acid production by Penicillium puberulum, Folia Microbiol. 20: 504-508   DOI
11 Gilurnan, J. C. 1957. A manual of soil fungi. Iowa State Univ. Pres. Ames. Iowa USA
12 Hicks, C. R. 1983. Fundamental concepts in the design of experimental CBS. College Publishing, New York
13 Hill, G. A. and Robinson, C. W. 1988. Morphological behavior of S. cerevisiae during continuous fermentation of calcium gluconate. Biotechnol Lett. 11: 805-810
14 Nour-Eldein, O. O. 1972. Production of gluconic acid by fermentation. M.SC. Thesis, Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ. Cairo UAR
15 Johnson, L. E., Curl, E. A., Bond, J. H. and Fribourgy, H. A. 1959. Methods for studying soil microflora-plant disease relationship. Burgess Pub. Co. Minn. USA
16 Kundu, P. N. and Das, A. 1984. Utilization of cheap carbohydrate sources for production of calcium gluconate by Penicillim funiculosum mutant MN-238. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 22: 279281
17 Moresi, M., Parente, E. and Mazzatura, A. 1991. Effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on repeated production of gluconic acid by immobilized mycelia of Aspergillus niger. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 36: 320-323
18 Oxide Limited, 1982. The Oxoid manual of culture media, ingredients, and other laboratory service. Turner graphic, Ltd, England, Fifth edition
19 Peppler, H. G. 1967. Microbial Technology. Reinhold Pub. Corp., New York
20 Petruccioli, M., Piccioni, P., Fenice, M. and Federica, F. 1994. Glucose oxidase, catalase and gluconic acid production by immobilized mycelium of Penicillium variabile. P16. Biotechnol. Lett. 16: 939-942   DOI
21 Rao, D. S., Panda, T. and Subba, R. D. 1993. Comparative analysis of calcium gluconate techniques for the production of gluconic acid by Aspergillus niger. Bioprocess Eng. Berlin. 8: 203-207   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Raper, K. B. and Fennell, D. I. 1977. The genus Aspergillus. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, USA
23 Madhavi, C. H., Subramani, S. and Datta, M. D. 1999. Fermentative production of gluconic acid using cheese whey. J. Food sci. Technol. 36: 361-364
24 Molliard, M. 1992. Sure une nouvelle fermentation acide production parle Sterigmatocyti niger. Comp. Rend. 147: 981-903
25 Singh, O. V., Sharma, A. and Singh R. P. 2001. Gluconic acid production by Aspergillus niger mutant ORS-4.410 in submerged and solid state surface fermentation. Indian J. Exp. Boil. 39: 691-696
26 Rosenberg, M., Svitel, J., Rosenbergova, I. and Sturdik, E. 1992. Gluconic acid production by Aspergillus niger with oxygen supply by hydrogen peroxide. Bioprecess. Eng. 7: 309-301   DOI
27 Spankpal, N. V., and Kulkarni, B. D. 2002. Optimization of fermentation conditions for gluconic acid production using Aspergillus niger immobilized on cellulose micro-fabrics. Process Biochem. 37: 1345-1350
28 Singh, O. V., Pereira, B. M. J. and Singh, R. P. 1999. Isolation and characterization of a potent fungal strain Aspergillus niger ORS-4 for gluconic acid production. J. Sci. Industrial Res. 58: 594-600
29 Smith, N. R. and Dawson, V. T. 1944. The bacteriostatic action of rose bengal in media used for plate counts of soil fungi. Soil. Sci. 58: 467-471   DOI
30 Subba-Rao, D., Panda, T. and Roa, D. S. 1994. Comparative analysis of different whole cell immobilized Aspergillus niger catalysts for gluconic acid fermentation using pretreated can molasses. Bioproc. Eng. 11: 209-212   DOI
31 Tasun, K., Chose and Ghen, 1970. Sugar determination by DNS method. Biotechol. Bioeng. 12: 921   DOI
32 Petruccioli, M. and Federica, F. 1993. Glucose oxidase production by Penicillium variabile $P_{16}$: effect of medium composition. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 75: 369-372   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Temash, S. and Olarna, Z. A. 1999. Optimization of glucose oxides and gluconic acid production by Penicillim purpurescens using Banana waste under solid-state fermentation. J. Medical Research Institute 20: 54-62
34 Lockwood, L. B. 1975. Orgainc acid production in the filamentous fungi. Vol. l Industrial Mycology. (Eds. Smith, H. E. and Berry, D. E.): Edward Arnold (Pub.) Itd. London P. 140
35 Lee, H. W., Pan, J. G. and Lebeault, J. M. 1998. Calcium gluconate form glucose substrate, Appl. Microbial. Biotechol. 49: 915
36 Spankpal, N. V., Cheema, J. J. S., Jambe, S. S. and Julkarni, B. D. 2001. An artificial intelligence tool for bioprocesses monitoring: Application to continuous production of gluconic acid by immobilized Aspergillus niger. Biotechnol. Lett. 23: 911-916   DOI   ScienceOn
37 Roukas, T. 2000. Citric and gluconic acid production from fig by Aspergillus niger using solid-state fermentation. J. Induse Microbiol. Biotechnol. 25: 298-304   DOI
38 Arnberkar, G. R., Thadani, S. B. and Doctor, V. M. 1965. Production of calcium gluconate by Penicillum chrysogenum in submerged culture. Appl Microbiol. 13: 31-719
39 EI-Ktatney, M. S. 1978. Studies on the production of organic acid by some locally isolate fungi. M.Sc. Thesis, Bot. Dept. Fac. Sci. Assiut Univ. Egypt
40 Nelson. E. P., Taussow, T. A. and Marasas, W. F. O. 1983. Fusarium species, an illustrated manual for identification. The Pennsylvania state Univ. Press, Univ. Park and London
41 Shah, D. N. and Kothri, R. M. 1993. Glucose oxidase rich Aspergillus niger strain an economical substrate for the preparation of table grade calcium gluconate. Biotechnol. Lett. 15: 35-40   DOI
42 Sankpal, N. V., Joshi, A. P., Sutar, I. I. and Kulkami, B. D. 1999 Continuous production of gluconic acid by Aspergillus niger immobilized on a cellulosic support: study of low pH fermentative behavior of Aspergillus niger. Processes Biochem. 35: 317-325   DOI   ScienceOn
43 Koepsell, H. J., Stodola, F. H. and Sharpe, E. S. 1952. Production of $\alpha$-ketoglutarate in glucose oxidation by Pseudomonas fluorescens. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74: 5142-5144   DOI