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http://dx.doi.org/10.3744/JNAOE.2012.4.4.412

On the energy economics of air lubrication drag reduction  

Makiharju, Simo A. (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan)
Perlin, Marc (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan)
Ceccio, Steven L. (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan)
Publication Information
International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering / v.4, no.4, 2012 , pp. 412-422 More about this Journal
Abstract
Air lubrication techniques for frictional drag reduction on ships have been proposed by numerous researchers since the 19th century. However, these techniques have not been widely adopted as questions persist about their drag reduction performance beyond the laboratory, as well as energy and economic cost-benefit. This paper draws on data from the literature to consider the suitability of air lubrication for large ocean going and U.S. Great Lakes ships, by establishing the basic energy economic calculations and presenting results for a hypothetical air lubricated ship. All the assumptions made in the course of the analysis are clearly stated so that they can be refined when considering application of air lubrication to a specific ship. The analysis suggests that, if successfully implemented, both air layer and partial cavity drag reduction could lead to net energy savings of 10 to 20%, with corresponding reductions in emissions.
Keywords
Drag reduction; Air lubrication; Air layer; Partial cavity; Air cavity; Energy cost-benefit; Energy economics;
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