Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e306

Add-on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy for Adults with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Who Failed to Respond to Initial Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy  

Bae, Hwallip (Workplace Mental Health Institute, Gangbuk Samsung Medical Center)
Kim, Daeho (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
Cho, Yubin (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
Kim, Dongjoo (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
Kim, Seok Hyeon (Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Medical Science / v.33, no.48, 2018 , pp. 306.1-306.6 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study examined the add-on efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy among adult civilians with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who continued to be symptomatic after more than 12 weeks of initial antidepressant treatment. Scores for the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) were rated pre- and post-EMDR and at a 6-month follow-up. After an average of six sessions of EMDR treatment, seven of 14 patients (50%) showed more than a 30% decrease in CAPS score and eight (57%) no longer met the criteria for PTSD. Our results indicate that EMDR could be successfully added after failure of initial pharmacotherapy for PTSD.
Keywords
PTSD; Drug Therapy; Antidepressants; EMDR;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Lee DJ, Schnitzlein CW, Wolf JP, Vythilingam M, Rasmusson AM, Hoge CW. Psychotherapy versus pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: systemic review and meta-analyses to determine first-line treatments. Depress Anxiety 2016;33(9):792-806.   DOI
2 World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Conditions Specifically Related to Stress. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013.
3 Cohen BE, Shi Y, Neylan TC, Maguen S, Seal KH. Antipsychotic prescriptions in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder in Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare, 2007-2012. J Clin Psychiatry 2015;76(4):406-12.   DOI
4 Nobles CJ, Valentine SE, Zepeda ED, Ahles EM, Shtasel DL, Marques L. Usual course of treatment and predictors of treatment utilization for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2017;78(5):e559-66.   DOI
5 Brady K, Pearlstein T, Asnis GM, Baker D, Rothbaum B, Sikes CR, et al. Efficacy and safety of sertraline treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2000;283(14):1837-44.   DOI
6 Davidson JR, Rothbaum BO, van der Kolk BA, Sikes CR, Farfel GM. Multicenter, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001;58(5):485-92.   DOI
7 Campanini RF, Schoedl AF, Pupo MC, Costa AC, Krupnick JL, Mello MF. Efficacy of interpersonal therapy-group format adapted to post-traumatic stress disorder: an open-label add-on trial. Depress Anxiety 2010;27(1):72-7.   DOI
8 Hinton DE, Chhean D, Pich V, Safren SA, Hofmann SG, Pollack MH. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavior therapy for Cambodian refugees with treatment-resistant PTSD and panic attacks: a cross-over design. J Trauma Stress 2005;18(6):617-29.   DOI
9 Hinton DE, Pham T, Tran M, Safren SA, Otto MW, Pollack MH. CBT for Vietnamese refugees with treatment-resistant PTSD and panic attacks: a pilot study. J Trauma Stress 2004;17(5):429-33.   DOI
10 Otto MW, Hinton D, Korbly NB, Chea A, Ba P, Gershuny BS, et al. Treatment of pharmacotherapy-refractory posttraumatic stress disorder among Cambodian refugees: a pilot study of combination treatment with cognitive-behavior therapy vs sertraline alone. Behav Res Ther 2003;41(11):1271-6.   DOI
11 Rothbaum BO, Cahill SP, Foa EB, Davidson JR, Compton J, Connor KM, et al. Augmentation of sertraline with prolonged exposure in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress 2006;19(5):625-38.   DOI
12 Shapiro F. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy: Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures, 3rd ed. New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 2017.
13 Farrell D. EMDR therapy in the treatment of a Hillsborough survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder. J Pers Inj Law. Forthcoming 2018.
14 Farrell D. The neurobiology of eye movement desensitization reprocessing therapy. In: Beech AR, Carter AJ, Mann RE, Rotshtein P, editors. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Forensic Neuroscience, 1st ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2018, 755-81.
15 First MB, Williams JB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Clinician Version. (SCID-CV). New York, NY: Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 2007.
16 Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Gusman FD, Charney DS, et al. The development of a clinician-administered PTSD scale. J Trauma Stress 1995;8(1):75-90.   DOI
17 Weathers FW, Keane TM, Davidson JR. Clinician-administered PTSD scale: a review of the first ten years of research. Depress Anxiety 2001;13(3):132-56.   DOI
18 Lee BY, Kim Y, Yi SM, Eun HJ, Kim DI, Kim JY. A reliability and validity study of a clinician administered PTSD scale. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 1999;38(3):514-22.
19 Bae H, Kim D, Park YC. Dissociation predicts treatment response in eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing for posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Dissociation 2016;17(1):112-30.   DOI
20 Ipser JC, Stein DJ. Evidence-based pharmacotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2012;15(6):825-40.   DOI
21 Rodrigues H, Figueira I, Goncalves R, Mendlowicz M, Macedo T, Ventura P. CBT for pharmacotherapy non-remitters--a systematic review of a next-step strategy. J Affect Disord 2011;129(1-3):219-28.   DOI
22 Nijdam MJ, Gersons BP, Reitsma JB, de Jongh A, Olff M. Brief eclectic psychotherapy v. eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2012;200(3):224-31.   DOI
23 Watts BV, Shiner B, Zubkoff L, Carpenter-Song E, Ronconi JM, Coldwell CM. Implementation of evidence-based psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder in VA specialty clinics. Psychiatr Serv 2014;65(5):648-53.   DOI
24 Londborg PD, Hegel MT, Goldstein S, Goldstein D, Himmelhoch JM, Maddock R, et al. Sertraline treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: results of 24 weeks of open-label continuation treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62(5):325-31.   DOI
25 Jeffreys M, Capehart B, Friedman MJ. Pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: review with clinical applications. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012;49(5):703-15.   DOI
26 van der Kolk BA, Spinazzola J, Blaustein ME, Hopper JW, Hopper EK, Korn DL, et al. A randomized clinical trial of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), fluoxetine, and pill placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: treatment effects and long-term maintenance. J Clin Psychiatry 2007;68(1):37-46.   DOI