Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.20307/nps.2020.26.2.165

Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Carica papaya Leaves  

Khaw, Kooi-Yeong (Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX), School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia)
Chear, Nelson Jeng Yeou (Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia)
Maran, Sathiya (School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia)
Yeong, Keng Yoon (School of Science, Monash University Malaysia)
Ong, Yong Sze (Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX), School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia)
Goh, Bey Hing (College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University)
Publication Information
Natural Product Sciences / v.26, no.2, 2020 , pp. 165-170 More about this Journal
Abstract
Carica papaya is a medicinal and fruit plant owing biological activities including antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer. The present study aims to investigate the acetyl (AChE) and butyryl (BChE) cholinesterase inhibitory potentials of C. papaya extracts as well as their chemical compositions. The chemical composition of the active extract was identified using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ellman enzyme inhibition assay showed that the alkaloid-enriched leaf extract of C. papaya possessed significant anti-BChE activity with an enzyme inhibition of 75.9%. GC-MS analysis showed that the alkaloid extract composed mainly the carpaine (64.9%) - a major papaya alkaloid, and some minor constituents such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and phenolics. Molecular docking of carpaine revealed that this molecule formed hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions with choline binding site and acyl pocket. This study provides some preliminary findings on the potential use of C. papaya leaf as an herbal supplement for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Keywords
Carica papaya; Cholinesterase inhibitor; GC-MS; Alkaloid; Carpaine; Alzheimer's disease;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Alzheimer's Association. Alzheimers. Dement. 2017, 13, 325-373.   DOI
2 Murray, A. P.; Faraoni, M. B.; Castro, M. J.; Alza, N. P.; Cavallaro, V. Curr. Neuropharmacol. 2013, 11, 388-413.   DOI
3 Racchi, M.; Mazzucchelli, M.; Porrello, E., Lanni, C.; Govoni. S. Pharmacol. Res. 2004, 50, 441-451.   DOI
4 Blanco-Silvente, L.; Castells, X.; Saez, M.; Barcelo, M. A.; Garre-Olmo, J.; Vilalta-Franch, J.; Capella, D. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2017, 20, 519-528.   DOI
5 Darvesh, S.; Hopkins, D. A.; Geula, C. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2003, 4, 131-138.   DOI
6 Greig, N. H.; Sambamurti, K.; Yu, Q. S.; Perry, T. A.; Holloway, H. W.; Haberman, F .; Brossi, A .; Ingram, D. K .; Lahiri, D. K. Butyrylcholinesterase: its selective inhibition and relevance to Alzheimer's disease; Butyrylcholinesterase: Its Function and Inhibition; Giacobini, E. Ed; Martin Dunitz Ltd; London, 2003, pp 69-90.
7 Chopra, K.; Misra, S.; Kuhad, A. Expert Opin. Pharmacother. 2011, 12, 335-350.   DOI
8 Huang, L.; Su, T.; Li, X. Curr. Top. Med. Chem. 2013, 13, 1864-1878.   DOI
9 Sekeli, R.; Hamid, M. H.; Razak, R. A.; Wee, C. Y.; Ong-Abdullah, J. Front. Plant Sci. 2018, 9, 1380.   DOI
10 Arumuganathan, K.; Earle, E. Plant Mol. Bio. Rep. 1991, 9, 208-218.   DOI
11 Owoyele, B. V.; Adebukola, O. M.; Funmilayo, A. A.; Soladoye, A. O. Inflammopharmacology 2008, 16, 168-173.   DOI
12 Khaw, K. Y.; Parat, M. O.; Shaw, P. N.; Nguyen, T. T. T.; Pandey, S.; Thurecht, K. J.; Falconer, J. R. Sci. Rep. 2019, 9, 1716.   DOI
13 Imaga, N. A.; Gbenle, G. O.; Okochi, V. I.; Adenekan. S. O.; Duro-Emmanuel. T.; Oyeniyi, B.; Dokai, P. N.; Oyenuga, M.; Otumara, M.; Ekeh, F. C. Sci. Res. Essays 2010, 5, 2201-2205.
14 Khaw, K. Y.; Shaw, P. N.; Parat, M. O.; Pandey, S.; Falconer, J. R. Processes 2020, 8, 610.   DOI
15 Gurung, S.; Skalko-Basnet, N. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2009, 121, 338-341.   DOI
16 Otsuki, N.; Dang, N. H.; Kumagai, E.; Kondo, A.; Iwata, S.; Morimoto, C. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2010, 127, 760-767.   DOI
17 Halim, S.; Abdullah, N. R.; Afzan, A.; Abdul Rashid, B. A.; Jantan, I.; Ismail, Z. J. Med. Plants Res. 2011, 5, 1867-1872.
18 Vij, T.; Prashar, Y. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Dis. 2015, 5, 1-6.   DOI
19 Jamila, N.; Yeong, K. K.; Murugaiyah, V.; Atlas, A.; Khan, I.; Khan, N.; Khan, S. N.; Khairuddean, M.; Osman, H. Nat. Prod. Res. 2015, 29, 86-90.   DOI
20 Chear, N. J. Y.; Khaw, K. Y.; Murugaiyah, V.; Lai, C. S. J. Food Drug Anal. 2016, 24, 358-366.   DOI
21 Liew, S. Y.; Khaw, K. Y.; Murugaiyah, V.; Looi, C. Y.; Wong, Y. L.; Mustafa, M. R.; Litaudon, M.; Awang, K. Phytomedicine 2015, 2 2, 45-48.   DOI
22 C arletti, E .; Aurbek, N .; Gillon, E .; Loiodice, M .; Nicolet, Y.; Fontecilla-Camps, J. C.; Masson, P.; Thiermann, H.; Nachon, F.; Worek, F. Biochem. J. 2009, 12, 97-106.   DOI
23 Giacobini, E. Pharmacol. Res. 2004, 50, 433-40.   DOI
24 Khaw, K. Y.; Murugaiyah, V.; Khairuddean, M.; Tan, W. N. Nat. Prod. Sci. 2018, 24, 88-92.   DOI