Browse > Article

Thermal Conversion Pathways of Ginsenosides in Red Ginseng Processing  

Lee, Sang Myung (Korea Ginseng Corp., Central Research Institute)
Publication Information
Natural Product Sciences / v.20, no.2, 2014 , pp. 119-125 More about this Journal
Abstract
According to the results of my study on the chromatographic analysis of fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) roots, most of the contents of protopanxadiol ginsenosides $Rb_1$, Rc, $Rb_2$, and Rd are derived from the corresponding malonyl ginsenosides in fresh ginseng by a heat process. Also, I confirmed that acetyl ginsenosides are naturally occurring constituents in fresh ginseng, not decarboxylates from malonyl ginsenosides. Seven neutral ginsenosides $Rg_1$, Re, Rf, Rc, $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, and Rd were transformed to specific conversions in red ginseng preparation conditions. The conversion paths progress by three rules concluded from my study. These conversion rules are I: the ether bond is stable at positions 3 and 6 in the dammarane skeleton, II: the ether bond between sugars is stable in glycosides, and III: the ether bond to glycosides is unstable at position 20 in the dammarane skeleton.
Keywords
Panax ginseng; Malonyl-ginsenoside; Neutral-ginsenoside; Converted ginsenoside; Conversion pathway;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Sun, B. S.; Xu, M. Y.; Li, Z.; Wang, Y. B.; Sung, C. K. J. Ginseng Res. 2012, 36, 277-290.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Yi, J. H.; Kim, M. Y.; Kim, Y. C.; Jeong, W. S.; Bae, D. W.; Hur, J. M.; Jun, M. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 2010, 19, 647-653.   DOI
3 Lee, S. M.; Seo, H. K.; Oh, J.; Na, M. Food Chem. 2013, 141, 3920-3924.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Yamaguchi, H., Kasai, R., Matsuura, H., Tanaka, O., Fuwa, T. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1988, 36, 3468-3473.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Lee, S. M.; Shon, H. J.; Choi, C. S.; Hung, T. M.; Min, B. S.; Bae, K. H. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 2009, 57, 92-94.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Michael, B. S.; Jerry, M. Advanced Organic Chemistry, Reaction, Mechanism, and Structure (6th ed); Wiley: New jersey, 2007; pp 303-304.
7 Fuzzati, N.; Gabetta, B.; Jayakar, K.; Pace, R.; Peterlongo, F. J. Chromatogr. A 1999, 854, 69-79.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Kim, Y. J.; Lee, O. R.; Lee, S.; Kim, K. T.; Yang, D. C. J. Ginseng Res. 2012, 36, 449-460.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Liu, C. X.; Xiao, P. G. J. Ethnopharmacol. 1992, 36, 27-38.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Wang, J.; Li, S.; Fan, Y.; Chen, Y.; Liu, D.; Cheng, H.; Gao, X.; Zhou, Y. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2010, 130, 421-423.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Sun, B. S.; Gu, L. J.; Fang, Z. M.; Wang, C. Y.; Wang, Z.; Lee, M. R.; Li, Z.; Li, J. J.; Sung, C. K. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2009, 50, 15-22.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Christensen, L. P. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 2009, 55, 1-99.
13 Wu, W.; Qin, Q.; Guo, Y.; Sun, J.; Liu, S. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2012, 60, 10007-10014.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Zhu, G. Y.; Li, Y. W.; Hau, D. K. P.; Jiang, Z. H.; Yu, Z. L.; Fong, W. F. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2011, 59, 200-205.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Liu, Z.; Li, Y.; Li, X.; Ruan, C. C.; Wang, L. J.; Sun, G. Z. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2012, 64, 56-63.
16 Court, W. A.; Hendel, J. G.; Elmi, J. J. Chromatogr. A 1996, 755, 11-17.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Du, X. W.; Wills, R. B. H.; Stuart, D. L. Food Chem. 2004, 86, 155-159.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Angelova, N.; Kong, H. W.; Heijden, R. V. D.; Yang, S. Y., Choi, Y. H.; Kim, H. K.; Wang. M.; Hankemeier, T.; Greef, J. V. D.; Xu, G. W.; Verpoorte, R. Phytochem. Anal. 2008, 19, 2-16.   DOI   ScienceOn