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Mangiferin isolated from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides inhibits the LPS-induced nitric oxide and prostagladin $E_2$ via the $NF-{\kappa}B$ inactivation in inflammatory macrophages  

Shin, Ji-Sun (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University)
Noh, Young-Su (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University)
Kim, Dong-Hyun (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University)
Cho, Young-Wuk (College of Medical science, Kyung Hee University)
Lee, Kyung-Tae (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University)
Publication Information
Natural Product Sciences / v.14, no.3, 2008 , pp. 206-213 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of mangiferin isolated from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, a natural polyphenol, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Mangiferin dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$ productions in RAW 264.7 macrophages and peritoneal macrophages isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Consistent with these data, mangiferin suppressed the LPS-induced expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at the protein and mRNA levels in a concentration-dependent manner, as determined by Western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. In addition, the release of tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$($TNF-{\alpha}$) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the mRNA expression levels of these cytokines were reduced by mangiferin in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, mangiferin effectively inhibited the transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-kappa B $(NF-{\kappa}B)$. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of mangiferin are caused by iNOS, COX-2, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and IL-6 down-regulation due to $(NF-{\kappa}B)$ inhibition in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Keywords
Mangiferin; cytokines; NO$PGE_2$$NF-{\kappa}B$; macrophages;
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