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Biotransformation of Ginseng Extract to Cytotoxic Compound K and Ginsenoside $Rh_2$ by Human Intestinal Bacteria  

Bae, Eun-Ah (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University)
Choo, Min-Kyung (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University)
Lee, Young-Churl (Korea Food Research Institute)
Kim, Dong-Hyun (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University,East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University)
Publication Information
Natural Product Sciences / v.10, no.6, 2004 , pp. 347-352 More about this Journal
Abstract
When saponin extracts of dried ginseng and red ginseng were anaerobically incubated with human intestinal microflora, these extracts were metabolized to compound K and ginsenoside $Rh_2$, respectively. However, when these extracts were incubated with commercial lactic acid bacteria, these did not metabolize these ginsenosides to compound K or ginsenoside $Rh_2$. Among some intestinal bacteria isolated from human feces, Bacteroides C-35 and C-36 transformed these saponin extracts to compound K and ginsenoside $Rh_2$, respectively. These bacteria also transformed water extracts of dried ginseng and red ginseng to compound K and ginsenoside $Rh_2$, respectively, similarly with that of the saponin extracts. Among transformed ginsenosides, compound K and 20(S)-ginsenoside $Rh_2$ exhibited the most potent cyotoxicity against tumor cells.
Keywords
ginseng; intestinal bacteria; transformation; compound K; ginsenoside $Rh_2$; cytotoxicity;
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