Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/FAS.2013.0229

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Chitosan-Phloroglucinol Conjugate  

Lee, Dae-Sung (POSTECH Ocean Science and Technology Institute, POSTECH)
Cho, Young-Sook (Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University)
Je, Jae-Young (Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences / v.16, no.4, 2013 , pp. 229-235 More about this Journal
Abstract
In an effort to develop biopolymer-based antioxidant and antibacterial materials, a chitosan-phloroglucinol conjugate was prepared and cellular antioxidant activity and minimum inhibitory concentration against foodborne pathogens and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) evaluated. The chitosan-phloroglucinol conjugate showed higher antioxidant activities than the unmodified chitosan (P < 0.05). The chitosan-phloroglucinol conjugate showed 62.29% reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, 56.11% lipid peroxidation inhibition activity, and 2.21-fold increase of glutathione expression in mouse macrophage cells. Additionally, the chitosan-phloroglucinol conjugate exhibited higher antibacterial activities than the unmodified chitosan, and the chitosan-phloroglucinol conjugate showed fourfold higher antibacterial activities against MRSA and clinical isolates and twofold higher activities against foodborne pathogens compared to the unmodified chitosan.
Keywords
Chitosan; Phloroglucinol; Antioxidant activity; Antibacterial activity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) 2004. Method for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically: Approved Standard. 7th ed. NCCLS, Wayne, PA, US.
2 Park PJ, Je JY, Byun HG, Moon SH and Kim SK. 2004a. Antimicrobial activity of hetero-chitosans and their oligosaccharides with different molecular weights. J Microbiol Biotechnol 14, 317-323.   과학기술학회마을
3 Park PJ, Je JY and Kim SK. 2004b. Free radical scavenging activities of differently deacetylated chitosans using an ESR spectrometer. Carbohydr Polym 55, 17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2003.05.002.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Poot M, Verkerk A, Koster JF and Jonglkind JF. 1986. De novo synthesis of glutathione in human fibroblasts during in vitro ageing and in some metabolic diseases as measured by a flow cytometric method. Biochim Biophys Acta 883, 580-584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4165(86)90300-4.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Reid M and Jahoor F. 2001. Glutathione in disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 4, 65-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00075197-200101000-00012.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Siems WG, Grune T and Esterbauer H. 1995. 4-Hydroxynonenal formation during ischemia and reperfusion of rat small-intestine. Life Sci 57, 785-789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(95)02006-5.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Takahashi M, Shibata M and Niki E. 2001. Estimation of lipid peroxidation of live cells using a fluorescent probe, diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine. Free Radic Biol Med 31, 164-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00575-5.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Tang H, Zhang P, Kieft TL, Ryan SJ, Baker SM, Wiesmann WP and Rogelj S. 2010. Antibacterial action of a novel functionalized chitosan-arginine against Gram-negative bacteria. Acta Biomater 6, 2562-2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2010.01.002.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Woo JY and Je JY. 2013. Antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of a novel chitosan-phloroglucinol conjugate. Int J Food Sci Technol 48, 1172-1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.1207.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Xiao B, Wan Y, Zhao M, Liu Y and Zhang S. 2011. Preparation and characterization of antimicrobial chitosan-N-arginine with different degrees of substitution. Carbohydr Polym 83, 144-150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.07.032.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Yoon NY, Eom TK, Kim MM and Kim SK. 2009. Inhibitory effect of phlorotannins isolated from Ecklonia cava on mushroom tyrosinase activity and melanin formation in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells. J Agric Food Chem 57, 4124-4129. http://dx.doi. org/10.1021/jf 900006f.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Heo SJ, Park PJ, Park EJ, Kim SK and Jeon YJ. 2005. Antioxidant activity of enzymatic extracts from a brown Ecklonia cava by electron spin resonance spectrometry and comet assay. Eur Food Res Technol 221, 41-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-1187-3.   DOI
13 Cho YS, Kim SK, Ahn CB and Je JY. 2011. Preparation, characterization, and antioxidant properties of gallic acid-grafted-chitosans. Carbohydr Polym 83, 1617-1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.10.019.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Engelmann J, Volk J, Leyhausen G and Geurtsen WJ. 2005. ROS formation and glutathione levels in human oral fibroblasts exposed to TEGDMA and camphorquinone. J Biomed Mater Res Part B Appl Biomater 75B, 272-276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.30360.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Felt O, Buri P and Gurny R. 1998. Chitosan: a unique polysaccharides for drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 24, 979-993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639049809089942.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Finkel T and Holbrook NJ. 2000. Oxidants, oxidative stress and the biology of ageing. Nature 408, 239-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35041687.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Halliwell B and Gutteridge JMC. 1999. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford, GB, pp. (Chapter 1 and 4).
18 Jeon YJ and Kim SK. 2001. Potential immune-stimulating effect of antitumoral fraction of chitosan oligosaccharides. J Chitin Chitosan 6, 163-167.
19 Kadiska MB, Gladen BC, Baird DD, Dikalov AE, Sohal RS, Hatch GE, Jones DP, Mason RP and Barrett JC. 2000. Biomarkers of oxidative stress study: Are plasma antioxidant markers of CCl4 poisoning? Free Radic Biol Med 28, 838-845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00198-2.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Kang HS, Chung HY, Kim JY, Son BH, Jung HA and Choi JS. 2004. Inhibitory phlorotannins from the edible brown algae Ecklonia stolonifera on total reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Arch Pharm Res 27, 194-198.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Kang KA, Lee KH, Chae S, Zhang R, Jung MS, Ham YM, Baik JS, Lee NH and Hyun JW. 2006. Cytoprotective effect of phloroglucinol on oxidative stress induced cell damage via catalase activation. J Cell Biochem 97, 609-620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.20668.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Kim MM and Kim SK. 2010. Effect of phloroglucinol on oxidative stress and inflammation. Food Chem Toxicol 48, 2925-2933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.029.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Lee SH, Senevirathne M, Ahn CB, Kim SK and Je JY. 2009b. Factors affecting anti-inflammatory effect of chitooligosaccharides in lipopolysaccharides-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 19, 6655-6658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.10.007.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Kim SK, Rajapakse N and Shahidi F. 2007. Production of bioactive chitosan oligosaccharides and their potential use as nutraceuticals. In: Marine Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods. Barrow C and Shahidi F, eds. CRC Press, London and New York, GB and US, pp. 183-196.
25 Lee DS and Je JY. 2013. Gallic acid-grafted-chitosan inhibits foodborne pathogens by a membrane damage mechanism. J Agric Food Chem 61, 6574-6579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf401254g.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Lee DS, Jeong SY, Kim YM, Lee MS, Ahn CB and Je JY. 2009a. Antibacterial activity of aminoderivatized chitosans against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Bioorg Med Chem 17, 7108-7112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2009.09.007.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Lee SH, Ryu BM, Je JY and Kim SK. 2011. Diethylaminoethyl chitosan induces apoptosis in HeLa cells via activation of caspase-3 and p53 expression. Carbohydr Polym 84, 571-578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.12.027.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Lin SB, Lin YC and Chen HH. 2009. Low molecular weight chitosan prepared with the aid of cellulose, lysozyme and chitinase: characterisation and antibacterial activity. Food Chem 116, 47-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.02.002.   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Masella R, Di Benedetto R, Vari R, Filesi C and Giovannini C. 2005. Novel mechanisms of natural antioxidant compounds in biological systems: involvement of glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes. J Nutr Biochem 16, 577-586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.05.013.   DOI   ScienceOn