Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2006.11.5.277

EVALUATION OF GENETIC TOXICITY FROM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS IN DAPHNIA MAGNA AND CHIRONOMUS TENTANS FOR APPLICATION IN ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT  

Park, Sun-Young (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, College of Urban Study, University of Seoul)
Lee, Si-Won (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, College of Urban Study, University of Seoul)
Choi, Jin-Hee (Faculty of Environmental Engineering, College of Urban Study, University of Seoul)
Publication Information
Environmental Engineering Research / v.11, no.5, 2006 , pp. 277-284 More about this Journal
Abstract
The genetic toxicity of environmental pollutants, namely, nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BPA) and chloropyriphos (CP) was investigated in aquatic sentinel species, freshwater crustacean, Daphnia magna, and larva of aquatic midge, Chironomus tentans, using Comet assay. Physiological effect of such pollutants was also investigated by studying the specimens' rates of reproduction, growth and survival. Acute toxicity results showed that, as expected, Daphnia was more sensitive than Chironomus to chemical exposure. The order of acute toxicity was CP > NP > BPA in D. magna and NP > CP > BPA in C. tentans. BPA may exert a genotoxic effect on D. magna and C. tentans, given that DNA strand breaks increased in both species exposed to this compound, whereas NP- and CP-induced DNA damage occurred only in C. tentans. In vivo genotoxic data obtained in aquatic sentinel species could provide valuable information for freshwater quality monitoring. The experiments with NP-exposed D. magna showed that the pollutant has long-term effects on reproduction, whereas no short-term effect on DNA integrity was found, being an example of a false-negative result from the biomarkers perspective. This result could be interpreted that other mechanism than genetic alteration might be involved in NP-induced reproduction failure in D. magna. False-positive results from the genotoxic biomarker obtained in BPA-exposed D. magna and in NP-exposed C. tentans make it difficult to use DNA integrity as an early warning biomarker. However, as the mere presence of genotoxic compounds, which are potentially carcinogenic, is of high concern to human and ecosystem health, it could also be important to rapidly and effectively detect genotoxic compounds in the aquatic system in ways that do not necessarily accompany a higher level of alteration. Considering the potential of D. magna and C. tentans as bioindicator species, and the importance of genotoxic biomarkers in ecotoxicity monitoring, DNA damage in these species could provide useful information for environmental risk assessment.
Keywords
Daphnia magna; Chironomus tentans; Nonylphenol; Bisphenol A; Chloropyriphos; Genetic toxicity; Environmental risk assessment;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Ohe, T., Watanabe, T., Wakabayashi, K., 'Mutagens in surface waters: a review,' Mutat. Res, 567, 109-149(2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Ralph, S., Petras, M., 'Genotoxicity monitoring of small bodies of water using two species of Tadpoles and the alkaline single cell gel (Comet) assay,' Environ. Mol. Mutagen, 29(4), 418-430(1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Tice, R. R., Agurell, E., Anderson, D., Burlinson, B., Hartmann, A, Kobayashi, H., Miyamae, Y., Rojas, E., Ryu J.C., Sasaki, Y.F., 'Single cell/gel comet assay: Guideline for in vitro and in vivo genetic testing,' Environ. Mol. Mutage, 35(3), 206-221(2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Guecheva, T., Henriques, J. A. P, Erdtmann, B., 'Genotoxic effects of copper sulphate in freshwater planarian in vivo, studied with the single-cell gel test (comet assay),' Mutat. Res, 497, 19-27(2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Navarrete, M. H., Carrera, P., Demiguel, M., Delatorre, C., 'A fast comet assay variant for solid tissue cells: the assessment of DNA damage in higher plants,' Mutat. Res, 389, 271-277(1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Singh, N. P., McCoy, M. T., Tice, R. R., Schneider, E. L., 'A simple technique for quantification of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells,' Exp. Cell. Res, 175, 184-191(1988)   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Clement, B., Devaux, A., Perrodin, Y., Danjean, M., Chidini-Fatus, M., 'Assessment of sediment ecotoxicity and genotoxicity in freshwater laboratory microcosms,' Ecotoxicology, 13(4), 323-333(2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
8 OECD, Guideline for Testing of Chemicals: Daphnia magna Reproduction Test, No. 211. pp.1-21(1998)
9 Koppen, G., Verschaeve, L., 'The alkaline comet test on plant cells: a new genotoxicity test for DNA strand breaks in Vicia faba root cells,' Mutat. Res, 360(3), 193-200(1996)   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Mitchelmore, C. L., Chipman, J. K., 'DNA strand breakage in aquatic organisms and the potential value of the comet assay in environmental monitoring,' Mutat. Res, 399(2), 135-147(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Schnurstein, A., Braunbeck, T., 'Tail moment versus tail length-application of an in vitro version of the comet assay in biomonitoring for genotoxicity in native surface waters using primary hepatocytes and gill cells from zebrafish (Dania rerio),' Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf, 49(2), 187-196(2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 den Besten, P. J., Tuk, C. W., 'Relation between responses in the neutral red retention test and the comet assay and life history parameters of Daphnia magna,' Mar. Environ. Res, 50, 513-516(2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Chen, G., White, P. A., 'The mutagenic hazards of aquatic sediments: a review,' Mutat. Res, 567, 151-225(2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Depledge, M. H., Fossi, M. C., 'The role of biomarkers in environmental assessment (2) Invertebrates,' Ecotoxicology, 3, 161-172(1994)   DOI   ScienceOn
15 den Besten, P. J., 'Concepts for the implementation of biomarkers in environmental monitoring,' Mar. Environ. Res, 46, 253-256(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Hyne, R. V., Maher, W. A., 'Invertebrate biomarkers: links to toxicosis that predict population decline,' Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 54(3), 366-374(2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Depledge, M. H., 'The ecotoxicological significance of genotoxicity in marine invertebrates,' Mutat. Res, 399(1), 109-122(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Rajaguru, P., Suba, S., Palanivel, M., Kalaiselvi, K., 'Genotoxicity of a polluted river system measured using the alkaline Comet assay on fish and earthworm tissues,' Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 41(2), 85-91(2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Nehls, S., Segner, H., 'Comet assay with the fish cell line rainbow trout gonad-2 for in vitro genotoxicity testing of xenobiotics and surface waters,' Environ. Toxicol. Chem, 24(8), 2078-2087(2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Staples, C. A., Dorn, P. B., Klecka, G. M., O'Block, S. T., Harris, L. R., 'A review of the environmental fate, effects, and exposures of bisphenol A,' Chemosphere, 36(10), 2149-2173(1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Gravato, C., Oliveira, M., Santos, M. A., 'Oxidative stress and genotoxic responses to resin acids in Mediterranean mussels,' Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf, 61(2), 221-229(2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Kim, B. S., Han, M. H., Huh, M. W., 'Toxicity evaluation using human cell in water treatment processes,' Environ. Eng. Res. 8, 177-183(2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Houk, V. S., Waters, M. D., 'Genetic toxicology and risk assessment of complex environmental mixtures,' Drug. Chem. Toxieol, 19(3), 187-219(1996)   DOI
24 Cotelle, S., Ferard, J. F., 'Comet assay in genetic ecotoxicology: a review,' Environ. Mol. Mutagen, 34(4), 246-55(1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
25 European Union, European Union Risk assessment Report. EC: 284-325-5 and 246-672-0. Second priority list vol. 10(2002)
26 Palmqvist, A., Selck, H., Rasmussen, L. J., Forbes, V. E., 'Biotransformation and genotoxicity of fluoranthene in the deposit-feeding polychaete Capitella sp. I,' Environ. Toxicol. Chem, 22(12), 2977-2985(2003)   DOI