Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/JEET.2015.10.1.195

Cost-Effective APF/UPS System with Seamless Mode Transfer  

Lee, Woo-Cheol (Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Hankyong National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology / v.10, no.1, 2015 , pp. 195-204 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this paper, the development of a cost-effective active power filter/uninterruptible power supply (APF/UPS) system with seamless mode transfer is described. The proposed scheme employs a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) voltage-source inverter and has two operational modes. First, when the source voltage is normal, the system operates as an APF, which compensates for the harmonics and power factor while boosting the DC-link voltage to be ready for the disturbance, without an additional DC charging circuit. A simple algorithm to detect the load current harmonics is also proposed. Second, when the source voltage is out of the normal range (owing to sag, swell, or outage), it operates a UPS, which controls the output voltage constantly by discharging the DC-link capacitor. Furthermore, a seamless transfer method for the single-phase inverter between the APF mode and the UPS mode is also proposed, in which an IGBT switch with diodes is used as a static bypass switch. Dissimilar to a conventional SCR switch, the IGBT switch can implement a seamless mode transfer. During the UPS operation, when the source voltage returns to the normal range, the system operates as an APF. The proposed system has good transient and steady-state response characteristics. The APF, charging circuit, and UPS systems are implemented in one inverter system. Finally, the validity of the proposed scheme is investigated with simulated and experimental results for a prototype APF/UPS system rated at 3 kVA.
Keywords
APF; UPS; Voltage sag; Outages; Compensation; Harmonics; Seamless mode transfer;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 M. T. Chau, A. L. Luo, Z. Shuai, F. Ma, N. Xie, V. B. Chau, “Novel Control Method for a Hybrid Active Power Filter with Injection Circuit Using a Hybrid Fuzzy Controller,” Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 800-812, Sep. 2012.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 K.-S. Low, R. Cao, “Model predictive control of parallel-connected inverter for uninterruptible power supplies,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron., Vol. 55, No. 8, pp. 2860-2869, Aug. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 I. J. Balaguer, Q. Lei, S. Yang, U. Supatti, F. Z. Peng, “Control for grid-connected and intentional islanding operations of distributed power generation,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 147-157, Jan. 2011.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 M. Arias, A. Fernandez, D. G. Lamar, M. Rodriguez, M. M. Hernando, “ Simplified voltage-sag filler for line-interactive uninterruptible power supplies,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electronics, Vol. 55, No. 8, pp. 3005-3011, Aug. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) “Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4 - 34: Testing and measurement techniques - Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests for equipment with input current more than 16 A per phase,” 2005.
6 S. Lee, H. C, “Novel Fast Peak Detector for Singleor Three-phase Unsymmetrical Voltage Sags,” Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 658-665, Sep. 2011.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 M. J. Ryan, W. E. Brumsickle, R. D. Lorenz, “Control topology options for single-phase UPS inverters,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1997.
8 Y. C. Kim, L. J. Jin, J. Lee, J. Choi, “Direct Digital Control of Single-Phase AC/DC PWM Converter System,” Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 518-527, Sep. 2010.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 J. H. Lee, J.K. Jeong, B. M. Han, B. Y. Bae, “New Reference Generation for a Single-Phase Active Power Filter to Improve Steady State Performance,” Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 412-418, Jul.2010.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 J. S. Kim, Y. S. Kim, “Single-phase Active Power Filter Based on Rotating Reference Frame Method for Harmonics Compensation,” Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 94-100, Mar. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 J. M. Guerrero, J. C. Vasquez, J. Matas, M. Castilla, L. Garcia de Vicuna, “Control strategy for flexible microgrid based on parallel line-interactive UPS systems,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electronics, Vol. 56, No. 3, pp. 726-736, March 2009.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 D. O. Koval, R.A. Bocancea, K. Yao, M. B. Hughes, “Canadian national power quality survey: frequency and duration of voltage sags and surges at industrial sites,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 34, pp. 904-910, 1998.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 C. Zhan, V. Ramachandaramurthy, A. Arulampalam, C. Fitzer, S. Kromlidis, M. Bames, N. Jenkins, “Dy- namic voltage restorer based on voltage space vector PWM control,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 1855-1863, Nov./ Dec. 2001.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Z. Yao, L Xiao, “Seamless transfer of single-phase grid-interactive inverters between grid-connected and stand-alone modes,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 1597-1603, 2010.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 R. Tirumala, N. Mohan, A. Walter, “Seamless transfer of grid-connected PWM inverters between utility-interactiveand stand-alone modes,” in Proc. IEEE APEC Conf., pp. 1081-1086, 2002.
16 J. Eto, D. Divan, W. E. Brumsickle, “Pilot evaluation of electricity-reliability and power-quality monitoringin California’s Silicon Valley with the I-grid system,” Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California, LBNL-52740.
17 M. McGranaghan, D. Mueller, M. Samotyj, “Voltage sags in industrial plants,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 697-704, 2000.
18 SEMI F47-0706 Standard, “Specification for semiconductor processing equipment voltage sag immunity,” 2006.
19 Information Technology Industry Council (ITI), “ ITI(CBEMA) curve,” Available: http://www.itic.org/archives / iticurv.pdf
20 N. Woodley, L. Morgan, A. Sundaram, “Experience with an inverter-based dynamic voltage restorer,” IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp.1181-1186, Jul. 1999.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 W. Lee, D. Lee, T. Lee, “New control scheme for a unified power quality compensator-Q with minimum active power injection,” IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol.25, No.2, pp.1068-1076, Apr. 2010.   DOI
22 J. W. Plastino, W. G. Morsi, “On the modeling of dynamic voltage restorer for voltage sag mitigation instand-alone power system.” in Proc. IEEE-EPEC Conf., pp. 309-314, 2011.
23 K. Kiuchi, M. Yanagibashi, “Operating life of aluminum electrolytic capacitor,” IEEE Intelec’83, pp.535-540, 1983.
24 K. Zhao, P. Ciufo, S. Perera, “Lifetime analysis of aluminum electrolytic capacitor subject to voltage fluctuations,” IEEE ICHQP. pp. 1-5, 2010.