Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/JEET.2014.9.4.1258

Comparative Study of the Behavior of a Wind Farm Integrating Three Different FACTS Devices  

Sarrias, Raul (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Cadiz)
Gonzalez, Carlos (University of Cadiz, EPS Algeciras)
Fernandez, Luis M. (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Cadiz)
Garcia, Carlos Andres (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Cadiz)
Jurado, Francisco (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaen, EPS Algeciras)
Publication Information
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology / v.9, no.4, 2014 , pp. 1258-1268 More about this Journal
Abstract
Improving grid connection of wind farms is a relevant issue to be addressed, especially for fixed-speed wind turbines. Certain elements, such as FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems), are able to perform voltage and reactive power regulation in order to support voltage stability of wind farms, and compensate reactive power consumption from the grid. Several devices are grouped under the name of FACTS, which embrace different technologies and operating principles. Here, three of them are evaluated and compared, namely STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator), SVC (Static Var Compensator) and SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator). They have been modeled in MATLAB/Simulink, and simulated under various scenarios, regarding both normal operation and grid fault conditions. Their response is studied together with the case when no FACTS are implemented. Results show that SSSC improves the voltage stability of the wind farm, whereas STATCOM and SVC provide additional reactive power.
Keywords
SSSC (Static Synchronous Series Compensator); STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator); SVC (Static Var Compensator); Wind farm; Wind turbine;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 A. Arulampalam, M. Barnes, N. Jenkins and J. B. Ekanayake, "Power quality and stability improvement of a wind farm using STATCOM supported with hybrid battery energy storage," IEE Proc. Gener Transm Distrib., vol. 153, no. 6, pp. 701-710, Nov. 2006.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 M. G. Molina and P. E. Mercado, "Modeling and control of integrated STATCOM-SMES system to improve power system oscillations damping," J Electr Eng & Technol., vol. 3, no.4, pp. 528-537, Dic. 2008.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
3 V. K. Polisetty, S. R. Jetti, G. K. Venayagamoorthy and R. G. Harley, "Intelligent integration of a wind farm to an utility power network with improved voltage stability," in IEEE Industry Applications Conference, 2006, pp. 1128-1133.
4 M. Alonso, H. Amaris and C. Alvarez-Ortega, "A multiobjective approach for reactive power planning in networks with wind power generation," Renew Energy, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 180-191, Jan. 2012.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 M. A. Kamarposhti and H. Lesani, "Effects of STATCOM, TCSC, SSSC and UPFC on static voltage stability," Electr Eng., vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 33-42, Mar. 2011.   DOI
6 G. Radman and R. S. Raje, "Dynamic model for power systems with multiple FACTS controllers," Electr Power Syst Res., vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 361-371, Mar. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 S. Heier, Grid Integration of Wind Energy Conversion Systems. John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
8 N. G. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi, Understanding FACTS. Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, Wiley - Interscience, 2000.
9 Spanish TSO, Red Electrica de Espana, "Requirements of response against voltage sags in wind power generation facilities (P.O. 12.3)," available from: http://www.ree.es/operacion/pdf/po/PO_resol_12.3_Respuesta_huecos_eolica.pdf, accessed October 2012.
10 N. S. Kumar and J. Gokulakrishnan, "Impact of FACTS controllers on the stability of power systems connected with doubly fed induction generators," Int J Electr Power Energy Syst., vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 1172-1184, Jun. 2011.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 K. K. Sen, "SSSC - Static Synchronous Series Compensator: Theory, modeling and application," IEEE Trans Power Delivery, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 241-246, Jan. 1998.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 H. Gaztanaga, I. Etxeberria-Otadui, D. Ocnasu and S. Bacha, "Real-time analysis of the transient response improvement of fixed-speed wind farms by using a reduced-scale STATCOM prototype," IEEE Trans Power Syst., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 658-666, May. 2007.
13 Z. Saad-Saoud, M. L. Lisboa, J. B. Ekanayake, N. Jenkins and G. Strbac, "Application of STATCOMs to wind farms,"IEE Proc. Gener Transm Distrib., vol. 145, no. 5, pp. 511-516, Sep. 1998.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 N. A. Lahacani, D. Aouzellag and B. Mendil, "Contribution to the improvement of voltage profile in electrical network with wind generator using SVC device," Renew Energy, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 243-248, Jan. 2010.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 W. Qiao, R. G. Harley and G. K. Venayagamoorthy, "Effects of FACTS devices on a power system which includes a large wind farm," in Proc. IEEE PSCE, 2006, pp. 2070-2076.
16 Z. Chen, Y. Hu and F. Blaabjerg, "Stability improvement of induction generator-based wind turbine systems," IET Renew Power Gener., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 81-93, Mar. 2007.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 M. J. Hossain, H. R. Pota, V. A. Ugrinovskii and R. A. Ramos, "Simultaneous STATCOM and pitch angle control for improved LVRT capability of fixed-speed wind turbines," IEEE Trans Sustainable Energy, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 142-151, Oct. 2010.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 H. M. El-Helw and S. B. Tennakoon, "Evaluation of the suitability of a fixed speed wind turbine for large scale wind farms considering the new UK grid code," Renew Energy, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 1-12, Jan. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 S.M. Muyeen, M.H. Ali, R. Takahashi, T. Murata and J. Tamura, "Wind generator output power smoothing and terminal voltage regulation by using STATCOM/ESS," in Proc. IEEE PowerTech, 2007, pp. 1232-1237.
20 D. Ramirez, S. Martinez, F. Blazquez and C. Carrero, "Use of STATCOM in wind farms with fixed-speed generators for grid code compliance," Renew Energy, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 202-212, Jan. 2012.   DOI   ScienceOn
21 V. Akhmatov and H. Knudsen, "Large penetration of wind and dispersed generation into Danish power grid," Electr Power Syst Res., vol. 77, no. 9, pp. 1228-1238, Jul. 2007.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 G. Byeon, I. K. Park and G. Jang, "Modeling and control of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind power generation system for real-time simulations," J Electr Eng & Technol., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 61-69, Mar. 2010.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
23 L.M. Fernandez, J.R. Saenz and F. Jurado, "Dynamic models of wind farms with fixed speed wind turbines," Renew Energy, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1203-1230, Jul. 2206.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 M. Tsili and S. Papathanassiou, "A review of grid code technical requirements for wind farms," IET Renew Power Gener., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 308-332, Sep. 2009.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 B. Singh and S. N. Singh, "Development of grid connection requirements for wind power generators in India," Renew Sustain Energy Rev., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1669-1674, Apr. 2011.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 M. Mohseni and S. M. Islam, "Review of international grid codes for wind power integration: Diversity, technology and a case for global standard," Renew Sustain Energy Rev., vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 3876-3890, Aug. 2012.   DOI   ScienceOn
27 S. G. B. Dasan, S. Ravichandran, Kamesh and R. P. K. Devi, "Steady-state analysis of grid connected WECS using FACTS controller," in Proc. ICETECT, 2011, pp. 127-137.
28 X. P. Zhang, C. Rehtanz and B. Pal, Flexible AC Transmission Systems: Modelling and Control. Ed. Springer, 2012.
29 E. H. Watanabe, M. Aredes, P. G. Barbosa, G. Santos Jr, F. K. de Araujo and R. F. da Silva, "Flexible AC Transmission Systems," in Power Electronics Handbook, Ed. Elsevier, 2006, pp. 797-822.
30 H. Kim and S. H. Kwon, "The study of FACTS impacts for probabilistic transient stability," J Electr Eng & Technol., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 129-136, Jun. 2006.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Y. D. Choy, B. M. Han, J. Y. Lee and G. Jang, "Realtime hardware simulator for grid-tied PMSG wind power system,"J Electr Eng & Technol., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 375-383, Mar. 2011.   DOI   ScienceOn
32 M. J. Hossain, H. R. Pota and R. A. Ramos, "Robust STATCOM control for the stabilisation of fixedspeed wind turbines during low voltages," Renew Energy, vol. 36, no. 11, pp. 2897-2905, Nov. 2011.   DOI   ScienceOn
33 M. K. Dosoglu and A. Ozturk, "Investigation of different load changes in wind farm by using FACTS devices," Adv Eng Software, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 292-300, Mar. 2012.   DOI   ScienceOn
34 J. L. Rodriguez, J. Fernandez, D. Beato, R. Iturbe, J. Usaola, P. Ledesma and J. Wilhelmi, "Incidence on power system dynamics of high penetration of fixed speed and doubly fed wind energy systems: Study of the Spanish case," IEEE Trans Power Syst., vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 1089-1095, Nov. 2002.
35 P. S. Georgilakis, "Technical challenges associated with the integration of wind power into power systems," Renew Sustain Energy Rev., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 852-863, Apr. 2008.   DOI   ScienceOn
36 M. P. Palsson, T. Toftevaag, K. Uhlen and J. O. G. Tande, "Large-scale wind power integration and voltage stability limits in regional networks," in Proc. IEEE-PES Summer Meeting, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 762-769.
37 J. Rodriguez-Garcia, T. Dominguez, J. F. Alonso and L. Imaz, "Large integration of wind power: the Spanish experience," in Proc. IEEE-PES General Meeting, 2007, pp. 1-5.