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http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.15.0941

Genetic signature of strong recent positive selection at interleukin-32 gene in goat  

Asif, Akhtar Rasool (Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University)
Qadri, Sumayyah (Theriogenology Department, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Jhang, Sub campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences)
Ijaz, Nabeel (Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University)
Javed, Ruheena (Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University)
Ansari, Abdur Rahman (Theriogenology Department, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Jhang, Sub campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences)
Awais, Muhammd (Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University)
Younus, Muhammad (Theriogenology Department, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Jhang, Sub campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences)
Riaz, Hasan (Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology)
Du, Xiaoyong (Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.30, no.7, 2017 , pp. 912-919 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: Identification of the candidate genes that play key roles in phenotypic variations can provide new information about evolution and positive selection. Interleukin (IL)-32 is involved in many biological processes, however, its role for the immune response against various diseases in mammals is poorly understood. Therefore, the current investigation was performed for the better understanding of the molecular evolution and the positive selection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-32 gene. Methods: By using fixation index ($F_{ST}$) based method, IL-32 (9375) gene was found to be outlier and under significant positive selection with the provisional combined allocation of mean heterozygosity and $F_{ST}$. Using nucleotide sequences of 11 mammalian species from National Center for Biotechnology Information database, the evolutionary selection of IL-32 gene was determined using Maximum likelihood model method, through four models (M1a, M2a, M7, and M8) in Codeml program of phylogenetic analysis by maximum liklihood. Results: IL-32 is detected under positive selection using the $F_{ST}$ simulations method. The phylogenetic tree revealed that goat IL-32 was in close resemblance with sheep IL-32. The coding nucleotide sequences were compared among 11 species and it was found that the goat IL-32 gene shared identity with sheep (96.54%), bison (91.97%), camel (58.39%), cat (56.59%), buffalo (56.50%), human (56.13%), dog (50.97%), horse (54.04%), and rabbit (53.41%) respectively. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for IL-32 gene as under significant positive selection in goat.
Keywords
Positive Selection; Evolution; Interleukin-32; Goat;
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